Table 2. Comparison between patients in relation to hypogonadism status
Notes: *the Mann-Whitney U-test’ **χ² with Yates correction. Quantitative data are presented as a median and interquartile range; qualitative data are presented as percentage values. The Bonferroni correction was applied, p<0,0042. T2D — type 2 diabetes; BMI — body mass index; HbA1c — glycated haemoglobin; DPP4i — dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors; SGLT2i — sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors; GLP-1RAs — glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; SU — sulphonylurea drugs.
| Age (years) | 59 [ 54; 62] | 59 [ 52; 62] | 0.654* |
| T2D duration (years) | 12 [ 6; 18] | 11 [ 6; 15] | 0.284* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.1 [ 29.0; 37.3] | 30.8 [ 27.7; 33.5] | <0.001* |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.8 [ 7.5; 10.3] | 8.1 [ 6.7; 9.5] | 0.005* |
| Antihyperglycemic therapy (%) | |||
| Metformin | 62.2 | 52.8 | 0.127** |
| DPP4i | 15.4 | 28.3 | 0.008** |
| SGLT2i | 23.2 | 17.9 | 0.334** |
| GLP-1RAs | 6.6 | 9.4 | 0.491** |
| Sulphonylurea | 29.1 | 23.6 | 0.358** |
| Combined therapy, including long-acting insulin alternatives | 12.5 | 9.4 | 0.530** |
| Basal bolus therapy | 32.8 | 37.7 | 0.440** |
| Insulin therapy (total) | 45.2 | 47.2 | 0.828* |
| T2D complications (%) | |||
| Retinopathy | 42.7 | 44.3 | 0.873** |
| Nephropathy | 26.6 | 29.3 | 0.699** |
| Polyneuropathy | 68.1 | 67.0 | 0.943** |
| Coronary heart disease | 26.6 | 25.5 | 0.937** |
| Acute myocardial infarction in medical history | 5.0 | 5.7 | 0.999** |
| Acute Cerebrovascular Event in medical history | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.318** |
| Diabetic foot disease (all forms) | 35.3 | 23.6 | 0.042** |
| No complications found | 14.9 | 12.3 | 0.623** |
| Steroid profile (nmol/L) | |||
| Total testosterone | 8.6 [ 6.8; 10.6] | 15.0 [ 13.3; 17.7] | <0.001* |
| Cortisol | 335 [ 260; 431] | 324 [ 260; 400] | 0.386* |
| Cortisone | 50.0 [ 41.7; 58.0] | 52.1 [ 44.5; 59.7] | 0.214* |
| 21-deoxycortisol | 0.03 [ 0.01; 0.10] | 0.03 [ 0.01; 0.10] | 0.503* |
| 11-deoxycortisol | 0.75 [ 0.49; 1.30] | 0.76 [ 0.44; 1.29] | 0.819* |
| Aldosterone | 180 [ 110; 292] | 166 [ 100; 258] | 0.269* |
| Corticosterone | 4.7 [ 2.8; 8.0] | 5.1 [ 3.1; 8.5] | 0.427* |
| 11-Deoxycorticosterone | 0.05 [ 0.01; 0.10] | 0.07 [ 0.03; 0.11] | 0.015* |
| Pregnenolone | 1.45 [ 0.98; 2.17] | 1.71 [ 1.20; 2.33] | 0.018* |
| Progesterone | <0.10 [ <0.10; 0.10] | 0.10 [ <0.10; 0.13] | 0.019* |
| 17-hydroxypregnenolone | 1.87 [ 1.20; 2.99] | 2.19 [ 1.50; 3.80] | 0.004* |
| 17-hydroxyprogesterone | 1.20 [ 0.90; 1.67] | 1.74 [ 1.33; 2.40] | <0.001* |
| Dehydroepiandrosterone | 5.0 [ 2.9; 7.6] | 5.6 [ 3.2; 8.4] | 0.146* |
| Androstenedione | 2.34 [ 1.79; 2.97] | 2.60 [ 1.93; 3.41] | 0.008* |