Table 2.

Conversions

Surgery Number	Conversion Technique	Previous Abdominal Surgery?	Reason for Conversion
37	Laparoscopic	No	Failure of fenestrated graspers
43	Laparoscopic	No	Spilled stones could not be retrieved robotically
47	Laparoscopic	Yes	Obscure anatomy and densely frozen Calot’s Triangle
60	Laparoscopic	No	Failure of graspers to hold thickened gallbladder wall
62	Laparoscopic	Yes	Failure of graspers to hold gallbladder wall
75	Laparoscopic	Yes	Robotic arm unstable
110	Open	No	Failure of graspers to hold thickened gallbladder wall
112	Laparoscopic	No	Failure of graspers to hold thickened gallbladder wall
114	Open	No	Dense pericholecystic adhesions