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. 2022 Jul 29;145(12):4398–4408. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac253

Figure 3.

Figure 3

NfL trajectories in MSA disease and sample size estimates for clinical trials. (A) Association between NfL concentration in plasma, age, sex, MSA clinical subtype, severity, modelled with a polynomial function of age, disease duration, disease severity, their squares and their interactions in 212 MSA cases. The lines show a quadratic fit for all participants (middle line) with 95% CI (highlighted area), MSA-P only (top line), MSA-C only (bottom line). In the early disease stage, an increase in disease duration was associated with an increase in NfL concentration in plasma followed by a short plateau. At ∼7 years of disease duration, a decrease in NfL levels is observed. (B) Sample size estimates in MSA clinical trials. Required sample size per group to achieve 80 and 90% power implementing the reduction in plasma NfL as an outcome measure.