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. 2022 Sep 28;72(1):180–191. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328166

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Schematic overview of microbial-derived signalling metabolites in the intestinal epithelium and their effect on gut motility. Microbial-derived metabolites interact with various metabolite receptors expressed on enterocytes or enteroendocrine cells (EEC) and stimulate serotonin secretion from the EEC cells. The released serotonin activates the enteric neurons that promote gut motility. Other metabolites (eg, histamine) can modulate gut motility via other mechanisms. 5-HT4R, serotonin receptor-4; AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; FXR, Farnesoid X receptor; IAA, indoleacetic acid; IAld, indolealdehyde; ILA, indolelactic acid; SCFA, short-chain fatty acids.Created with Biorender.com.