Table 2.
Sex-specific predictors of ventricular tachycardia recurrence with univariate Cox regression analysis.
| Recurrence univariates | Men | Women | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age (year) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | 0.69 | 0.89 (0.46–1.75) | 0.74 |
| BMI | 0.92 (0.71–1.19) | 0.52 | 1.38 (0.66–2.89) | 0.39 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 0.70 | 1.6 (0.97–2.64) | 0.07 |
| Hypertension | 0.86 (0.71–1.05) | 0.13 | 0.67 (0.42–1.05) | 0.08 |
| Diabetes | 1.06 (0.87–1.3) | 0.55 | 1.06 (0.6–1.88) | 0.85 |
| COPD | 1.03 (0.84–1.26) | 0.77 | 0.66 (0.3–1.44) | 0.30 |
| SCD | 0.99 (0.8–1.22) | 0.90 | 1.11 (0.65–1.9) | 0.70 |
| CAD | 0.97 (0.79–1.18) | 0.75 | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 0.24 |
| PCI | 0.92 (0.75–1.13) | 0.41 | 0.67 (0.33–1.33) | 0.25 |
| CABG | 1.1 (0.9–1.33) | 0.36 | 0.9 (0.5–1.61) | 0.72 |
| AMI | 0.94 (0.77–1.15) | 0.55 | 0.76 (0.45–1.29) | 0.31 |
| ICD | 1.22 (0.97–1.54) | 0.09 | 1.12 (0.62–2.01) | 0.71 |
| CRT | 1.29 (1.07–1.55) | 0.007 | 1.23 (0.73–2.08) | 0.44 |
| NYHA ≥3 | 1.24 (1.02–1.5) | 0.03 | 1.38 (0.82–2.3) | 0.22 |
| DCM | 1.44 (1.13–1.84) | 0.003 | 1.01 (0.59–1.75) | 0.96 |
| iDCM | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) | 0.32 | 0.41 (0.10–1.64) | 0.21 |
| niDCM | 1.33 (0.77–2.31) | 0.31 | 2.46 (0.61–9.88) | 0.21 |
| LVEF (%) | 0.76 (0.61–0.94) | 0.01 | 0.73 (0.4–1.33) | 0.30 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 1.29 (1.06–1.57) | 0.01 | 1.19 (0.62–2.26) | 0.60 |
| LVESD (mm) | 1.35 (1.11–1.64) | 0.003 | 1.69 (0.78–3.65) | 0.18 |
| RVEDD (mm) | 1.04 (0.85–1.28) | 0.69 | 1.67 (0.9–3.11) | 0.10 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 0.87 (0.69–1.1) | 0.25 | 0.73 (0.38–1.41) | 0.35 |
| E/A ratio | 1.06 (0.83–1.36) | 0.63 | 1.28 (0.73–2.26) | 0.39 |
| DT (ms) | 0.91 (0.72–1.14) | 0.41 | 0.51 (0.18–1.43) | 0.20 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) | 0.53 | 1.12 (0.64–1.95) | 0.69 |
| MR 1–2 | 0.88 (0.72–1.08) | 0.22 | 0.47 (0.24–0.93) | 0.03 |
| MR 3–4 | 1.35 (1.13–1.62) | 0.001 | 2.06 (1.12–3.81) | 0.02 |
| TR 1–2 | 1.15 (0.91–1.43) | 0.24 | 0.42 (0.22–0.81) | 0.01 |
| TR 3–4 | 0.98 (0.79–1.22) | 0.85 | 1.91 (1.11–3.29) | 0.02 |
| LV aneurysm | 0.84 (0.67–1.06) | 0.14 | 1.06 (0.59–1.91) | 0.84 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 0.82 (0.66–1.02) | 0.07 | 0.81 (0.45–1.44) | 0.47 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 0.96 (0.77–1.21) | 0.76 | 0.96 (0.54–1.74) | 0.90 |
| GFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 1.04 (0.84–1.3) | 0.70 | 1.14 (0.67–1.94) | 0.64 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 1.01 (0.82–1.25) | 0.90 | 0.85 (0.41–1.77) | 0.67 |
| Furosemide | 1.46 (1.17–1.82) | 0.0009 | 1.15 (0.64–2.05) | 0.64 |
| ACEi/ARB | 0.9 (0.74–1.09) | 0.29 | 0.49 (0.3–0.79) | 0.004 |
| Statin | 1.07 (0.86–1.32) | 0.54 | 0.65 (0.38–1.11) | 0.11 |
| MRA | 1.18 (0.96–1.45) | 0.11 | 1.8 (0.94–3.46) | 0.08 |
| Amiodarone | 1.22 (0.98–1.52) | 0.08 | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) | 0.32 |
| Beta blocker | 0.91 (0.75–1.11) | 0.35 | 105.52 (0.0–inf) | 0.99 |
| AAD resistance | 1.17 (0.94–1.44) | 0.16 | 1.08 (0.61–1.94) | 0.79 |
| ICD shock | 1.36 (1.1–1.67) | 0.004 | 1.37 (0.79–2.35) | 0.26 |
| HD instability | 1.21 (0.99–1.47) | 0.07 | 1.57 (0.92–2.71) | 0.10 |
| Incessant VT | 1.26 (1.04–1.54) | 0.02 | 1.43 (0.86–2.38) | 0.18 |
| Electrical storm | 1.12 (0.93–1.36) | 0.22 | 1.53 (0.94–2.48) | 0.08 |
| Cumulative ICD therapies | 1.33 (1.09–1.63) | 0.005 | 1.36 (0.8–2.33) | 0.26 |
| Electrical storm/incessant VT | 1.26 (1.04–1.54) | 0.02 | 1.83 (1.05–3.19) | 0.03 |
| Electrical storm/cumulative ICD therapies | 2.05 (1.35–3.10) | 0.001 | 1.48 (0.50–4.39) | 0.49 |
| Transseptal | 0.91 (0.73–1.14) | 0.43 | 0.0 (0.0–inf) | 0.99 |
| Transaortic | 1.02 (0.83–1.26) | 0.85 | 1.27 (0.68–2.36) | 0.46 |
| Epicardial | 1.11 (0.92–1.34) | 0.28 | 0.88 (0.45–1.69) | 0.69 |
| Procedure time (min) | 1.27 (0.98–1.64) | 0.07 | 1.27 (0.56–2.9) | 0.57 |
| Radiation duration (min) | 1.16 (0.89–1.51) | 0.29 | 1.54 (0.61–3.93) | 0.36 |
| Inducible clinical VT | 1.47 (1.12–1.92) | 0.006 | 1.34 (0.64–2.81) | 0.44 |
| ≥1 inducible morphology | 2.03 (1.27–3.24) | 0.003 | 1.02 (0.56–1.85) | 0.95 |
| VTCL (ms) | 1.17 (0.96–1.44) | 0.13 | 1.17 (0.64–2.16) | 0.61 |
| Elimination of all inducible VTs | 1.03 (0.84–1.28) | 0.76 | 0.66 (0.43–1.01) | 0.06 |
P < 0.05 considered significant. BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SCD, sudden cardiac death; CAD, coronary artery disease; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; CRT, implanted cardiac resynchronization therapy device; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; iDCM, ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy; niDCM, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy; NYHA, New York Heart Association functional class prior to the ablation; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic diameter; RVEDD, right ventricular end diastolic diameter; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; E/A, transmitral E and A wave ratio; DT, transmitral E wave deceleration time; MR, mitral regurgitation; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; LV, left ventricle; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; GFR, glomerulus filtration rate; MRA, mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist therapy; ACEi/ARB, angiotensin-convertase enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker therapy, AAD, anti-arrhythmic drug; HD, hemodynamic; VT, ventricular tachycardia; VTCL, ventricular tachycardia cycle length. Bold values indicate statistically significant results.