TABLE 5.

Randomized controlled trials comparing hydration as prevention method of CI AKI.

Name of study	Type of study	Type of population	Inclusion criteria (renal functions)	Number of patients	Type of intervention	CI-AKI incidence (control/study)
AMACING (189)	RCT-monocentric	Elective procedure with i.v. CM (only 16% intraarterial)	60 ml/min per 1⋅73 m2 or lower	603	1–4 ml/kg/h of saline to no iv. fluid admitted	2.6% (8/307) 2.7% (8/296)
POSEIDON (82)	RCT-monocentric	Indication of PCI	60 ml/min per 1⋅73 m2 or lower	350	LVEDP-guided volume expansion vs. standard fluid administration protocol	16.3% (28/172)/ 6.7% (12/178)
Jurado-Román et al. (190)	RCT-monocentric	STEMI patients	Not mentioned-unrestricted	408	Saline fluid 1ml/kg/h for 24h vs. no iv. fluid admitted	10.8% (22 of 204)/ 21.1% (43/204)/

RCT, randomized clinical trial; LVEDP, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, iv., intravenous; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.