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. 2022 Dec 6;9:1069654. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1069654

Table 3.

HIFU treatment profile.

Nil (N = 21) Letrozole (N = 7) GnRHa (N = 11) p-value
Sonication time (s)
Median (range)
739 (320–1,226) 711 (345–887) 1,137 (777–1,606) 0.001
N vs. L: 0.972
N vs. G: 0.001
L vs. G: 0.009
Treatment duration (min)
Median (range)
95 (47–158) 94 (46–174) 148 (96–237) 0.002
N vs. L: 0.997
N vs. G: 0.003
L vs. G: 0.020
Energy (J)
Median (range)
293,911 (127,850–490,100) 282,639 (137,550–354,500) 452,572 (310,350–642,100) 0.001
N vs. L: 0.971
N vs. G: 0.002
L vs. G: 0.010
Non-perfusion volume ratio
(NPV, %), median (range)
88.5 (61–100) 96 (76–100) 87.7 (72–98) 0.231
N vs. L: 0.258
N vs. G: 0.978
L vs. G: 0.259
Energy efficiency (E/V)
(J/cm3), median (range)
1,775.1 (424.5–5,609.1) 1,010.4 (305.8–1,772.7) 1,552.7 (404.8–4,123.7) 0.425
N vs. L: 0.392
N vs. G: 0.894
L vs. G: 0.677
Treatment speed (cm3/h)
Median (range)
187.8 (27.6–522.4) 292.7 (59.6–612.4) 187.9 (44.5–484.2) 0.273
N vs. L: 0.272
N vs. G: 1.000
L vs. G: 0.344
Power rate (J/h)
Median (range)
186,249.2 (104,604.8–277,933.3) 197,004.7 (105,689.7–271,854.5) 188,733.6 (145,369.9–284,812.5) 0.863
N vs. L: 0.851
N vs. G: 0.988
L vs. G: 0.925
Treat efficiency (NPV/min)
Median (range)
2.39 (0.37–5.69) 4.52 (0.89–9.70) 2.34 (0.55–7.05) 0.050
N vs. L: 0.053
N vs. G: 0.997
L vs. G: 0.078
NPV per energy (cm3/J) 0.077 (0.039–0.151) 0.074 (0.054–0.140) 0.046 (0.030–0.063) 0.012
N vs. L: 0.947
N vs. G: 0.010
L vs. G: 0.101
NPV per sonication (cm3/s) 30.96 (15.94–60.22) 29.52 (21.08–55.84) 18.09 (12.13–25.17) 0.12
N vs. L: 0.953
N vs. G: 0.010
L vs. G: 0.098

GnRHa, gonadotrophin releasing hormone analog; HIFU, high intensity focused ultrasound; NPV, non-perfusion volume.