Table 1.
TFs deficiency induced ERS causing dysregulated hepatic steatosis.
| Incentive* | TF/Gene | Cell/Animal | Consequences | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPS/CCl4 | HNF1α (−) | LO2 cells | Exacerbating ERS, inducing hepatocyte apoptosis and aggravating liver injury. | [64] |
| HFD/Aging/TM | FXR (−) | Fish and C57BL/6 mice | Exacerbating ERS, inducing inflammation, leading to hepatic steatosis and liver injury. | [65–67] |
| KO | FOXA2 (−) | iPSC-derived hepatocytes and Cre mice | Activating ERS, causing hepatic steatosis, bile acid toxicity. | [68, 69] |
| HFD/TM | FOXA3 (−) | Mice | Alleviating ERS, reducing lipid accumulation and preventing hepatic steatosis. | [70] |
| TM | XBP1 (−) | C57BL/6 mice | Exacerbating ERS, inducing hepatocyte death and progression of liver fibrosis, and progressively aggravating liver injury. | [71] |
| MCD diet | C/EBPβ (−) | C57BL/6 J mice | Alleviating ERS, reducing lipid accumulation, preventing hepatic steatosis, and liver injury. | [117] |
| TG/TM | c-Jun (−) | Alfp-Cre mice | Exacerbating ERS, inhibiting autophagy, and inducing hepatocyte death. | [118] |
| TM | LRH1 (−) | Albumin-Cre mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation and inducing hepatocyte apoptosis. | [119] |
| KO | ACOX1 (−) | BAC transgenic mice | activating ERS, causing metabolic disorders and inducing cell death, leading to steatohepatitis. | [120] |
| TM | BAP31 (−) | Mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation and leading to hepatic steatosis. | [121] |
| TM | BDNF (−) | Mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation, inducing cell death, and leading to hepatic steatosis. | [122] |
| KO | Beclin1 (−) | Zebrafish larvae | activating ERS and inducing hepatocyte apoptosis. | [123] |
| KO | CBF/NFY (−) | Alb-Cre mice | Activating ERS, cause lipid accumulation, leading to liver cell degeneration and progressive liver injury. | [124] |
| Hepatectomy | CDK5 (−) | Alb-Cre mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation, inducing an inflammatory response, resulting in delayed hepatocyte proliferation. | [125] |
| KO | ERdj4 (−) | C57BL/6 mice | Activate ERS, lead to fetal growth restriction, increased perinatal mortality. | [126] |
| TM/HFD | GRB10 (−) | Alb-Cre mice | Reduce fatty acid synthesis, reduce hepatic lipid accumulation, prevent hepatic steatosis. | [127] |
| TM/TG | LCN2 (−) | Primary hepatocytes | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation, leading to hepatic steatosis. | [128] |
| KO | Nrf1 (−) | Mice | Activate ERS, inhibition of proteasome activity, lead to hepatic steatosis. | [129] |
| HFD | SIRT1 (−) | C57BL/6 J mice | Exacerbating ERS, leading to hepatic steatosis, and obesity. | [130] |
| HFD/Palmitate | SIRT2 (−) | C57BL/6 mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid deposition, leading to obesity. | [131] |
| KO | SIDT2 (−) | Mice | Activate ERS, cause lipid deposition, lead to hepatic steatosis. | [132] |
| Sorafenib | STAT3 (−) | Huh7, Hep3B & C57BL/6 J mice | Exacerbating ERS and inducing cell death. | [133] |
| HFD | Vinexin β (−) | C57BL/6 mice | Exacerbating ERS, causing lipid accumulation and leading to hepatic steatosis. | [134] |
*ERS endoplasmic reticulum stress, HFD high-fat diet, KO knockout, LPS lipopolysaccharide, MCD diet methionine and choline deficient diet, TG thapsigargin, TM tunicamycin.