TABLE 2.

Separation basis and resolution of several purification methods (Labrou, 2021).

Separation mode	Separation basis	Resolving power
Precipitate
Salting out	Solubility	Low
Organic solvent precipitation	Solubility	Low
Isoelectric point precipitation	Solubility, Charge properties	Low
Nonionic polymer precipitation	Solubility	Low
Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation	Shape, Size	Low, Medium
Density gradient centrifugation	Size	Low, Medium
Membrane separation
Dialysis	Size	Low, Medium
Ultrafiltration	Size/Shape	High
Chromatography
Gel filtration chromatography	Size/Shape	High
Ion exchange chromatography	Charge	High
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography	Hydrophobicity	High
Affinity chromatography	Molecular recognition	High