Table 2.
Analysis of influence factors for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components
| Factors | MetS | Elevated blood glucose | Reduced HDL | Elevated triglyceride | Obesity | Elevated blood pressure | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 20–44 | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| 45–64 | 2.75(2.42, 3.12) | 3.43(3.05, 3.85) | 1.39(1.26, 1.53) | 1.34(1.20, 1.50) | 2.28(1.94, 2.67) | 3.13(2.81, 3.49) | |
| ≥65 | 6.48(5.68, 7.39) | 7.39(6.47, 8.43) | 2.52(2.27, 2.81) | 1.37(1.23, 1.54) | 3.76(3.12, 4.54) | 7.22(6.39, 8.17) | |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Male | 1.20(1.08, 1.33) | 1.86(1.70, 2.03) | 0.98(0.89, 1.08) | 1.41(1.27, 1.56) | 0.10(0.08, 0.12) | 1.47(1.34, 1.61) | |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 0.66(0.57, 0.75) | 1.14(1.01, 1.29) | 0.62(0.55, 0.70) | 0.33(0.28, 0.37) | 0.46(0.38, 0.55) | 1.88(1.69, 2.09) | |
| Mexican American | 1.03(0.90, 1.18) | 1.52(1.30, 1.78) | 0.87(0.77, 0.97) | 1.14(1.01, 1.29) | 0.58(0.47, 0.71) | 0.79(0.69, 0.90) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 0.92(0.75, 1.13) | 1.32(1.07, 1.62) | 1.03(0.87, 1.21) | 0.97(0.77, 1.21) | 0.45(0.35, 0.57) | 0.90(0.73, 1.11) | |
| Other race | 1.36(1.11, 1.66) | 1.80(1.48, 2.18) | 1.15(0.95, 1.39) | 1.29(1.07, 1.55) | 0.51(0.41, 0.65) | 1.15(0.97, 1.37) | |
| Marital status | |||||||
| No | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Yes | 1.09(0.96, 1.22) | 1.03(0.93, 1.13) | 1.17(1.07, 1.28) | 1.06(0.95, 1.18) | 1.13(0.96, 1.31) | 0.97(0.88, 1.06) | |
| Education level | |||||||
| Less than high school | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| High school graduate | 1.00(0.86, 1.16) | 0.96(0.83, 1.11) | 0.96(0.83, 1.11) | 1.00(0.89, 1.14) | 0.99(0.83, 1.19) | 0.99(0.86, 1.15) | |
| Some college | 0.88(0.76, 1.02) | 0.84(0.73, 0.97) | 0.91(0.79, 1.04) | 1.02(0.89, 1.17) | 0.98(0.81, 1.20) | 0.83(0.72, 0.94) | |
| College graduate or above | 0.70(0.59, 0.82) | 0.79(0.68, 0.93) | 0.79(0.68, 0.92) | 0.86(0.73, 1.02) | 0.94(0.75, 1.17) | 0.61(0.52, 0.71) | |
| Insurance status | |||||||
| Uninsured | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Any Insurance | 1.28(1.13, 1.45) | 1.16(1.02, 1.32) | 1.19(1.06, 1.33) | 1.00(0.89, 1.12) | 1.37(1.14, 1.64) | 1.08(0.96, 1.22) | |
| Income-to-poverty ratio | |||||||
| < 1 | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| 1–2 | 0.98(0.85, 1.12) | 0.95(0.83, 1.08) | 0.85(0.74, 0.98) | 1.09(0.95, 1.25) | 1.04(0.85, 1.27) | 1.05(0.92, 1.19) | |
| 2–3.5 | 0.86(0.74, 1.01) | 0.91(0.79, 1.05) | 0.85(0.74, 0.98) | 0.94(0.81, 1.10) | 0.85(0.69, 1.04) | 1.00(0.86, 1.17) | |
| ≥3.5 | 0.82(0.69, 0.98) | 0.85(0.73, 0.99) | 0.78(0.67, 0.91) | 0.97(0.83, 1.14) | 0.74(0.61, 0.89) | 1.03(0.87, 1.21) | |
| Alcohol | |||||||
| No | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Yes | 0.77(0.69, 0.86) | 0.97(0.86, 1.09) | 0.74(0.65, 0.84) | 0.89(0.80, 0.99) | 0.92(0.78, 1.10) | 0.80(0.72, 0.89) | |
| Smoking status | |||||||
| Never smoked | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Former smoker | 1.20(1.07, 1.36) | 1.11(0.97, 1.26) | 1.03(0.94, 1.13) | 1.19(1.06, 1.34) | 1.27(1.08, 1.49) | 1.03(0.93, 1.15) | |
| Current smoker | 1.27(1.11, 1.45) | 1.04(0.92, 1.17) | 1.55(1.38, 1.75) | 1.49(1.31, 1.70) | 1.11(0.92, 1.35) | 0.84(0.74, 0.95) | |
| Activity | |||||||
| No | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Moderate | 0.90(0.80, 1.02) | 0.90(0.81, 1.01) | 0.91(0.82, 1.02) | 0.92(0.83, 1.02) | 0.87(0.74, 1.02) | 1.05(0.93, 1.17) | |
| Vigorous | 0.53(0.47, 0.61) | 0.62(0.55, 0.71) | 0.70(0.62, 0.79) | 0.67(0.59, 0.76) | 0.54(0.47, 0.62) | 0.80(0.70, 0.91) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) a | |||||||
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | 1(reference) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 4.44(3.88, 5.09) | 2.01(1.77, 2.28) | 2.07(1.87, 2.31) | 2.60(2.31, 2.93) | 27.55(22.69, 33.45) | 1.33(1.19, 1.48) | |
| Obesity (≥30.0) | 16.49(14.20, 19.14) | 4.79(4.22, 5.44) | 3.76(3.33, 4.24) | 4.10(3.63, 4.63) | 1136.18(867.74, 1487.66) | 2.14(1.91, 2.39) | |
a BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 were excluded; BMI, body mass index