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. 2000 Jun;68(6):3581–3586. doi: 10.1128/iai.68.6.3581-3586.2000

TABLE 1.

Cytokine response of human monocytes to various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteriaa

Bacterial species (strain) Isolation site Metabolism Concn (pg/ml) of:
IL-12/IL-10 ratio
IL-12 IL-10
Gram positive
Bifidobacterium adolescentis (18363) Adult intestine Anaerobic 4,300 ± 810 160 ± 28 27
Clostridium perfringens (1795) Bovine Anaerobic 160 ± 4 120 ± 13 1.3
 Corynebacterium minutissimum (541) Erythrasma, trunk Aerobic 2,000 ± 340 390 ± 99 5.1
Enterococcus faecalis (19916) Unknown Aerobic 3,500 ± 660 200 ± 47 18
Lactobacillus plantarum (67b) Rectum, healthy Aerobic 2,200 ± 540 160 ± 50 14
Staphylococcus aureus (1800) Pleural fluid Aerobic 4,000 ± 850 240 ± 83 17
Streptococcus mitis (31611) Oral cavity Aerobic 3,600 ± 490 200 ± 44 18
Gram negative
Bacteroides vulgatus (4940) Unknown Anaerobic 32 ± 2 350 ± 39 0.09
Escherichia coli (24) Urine, cystitis Aerobic 140 ± 60 1,200 ± 280 0.12
Haemophilus influenzae (21594) Pharynx, healthy Aerobic 90 ± 23 560 ± 100 0.16
Haemophilus parainfluenzae (12836) Septic finger Aerobic 120 ± 50 650 ± 120 0.18
Neisseria sicca (23929) Pharynx, healthy Aerobic 460 ± 160 690 ± 150 0.67
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (551) Unknown Aerobic <30 480 ± 120 0.06
Veillonella parvula (5123) Intestinal tract Anaerobic 1,600 ± 480 770 ± 200 2.08
a

Human monocytes from nine blood donors were purified by adherence and stimulated with each of 14 bacterial strains at a concentration of 5 × 106 UV-killed bacteria/ml. The bacteria were obtained from the CCUG, and their CCUG number given in parentheses. The L. plantarum strain was isolated from healthy human gastrointestinal mucosa (1). IL-12 p70, and IL-10 concentrations were measured by ELISA in the supernatant after 24 h. The results represent the mean and standard error for the responses of the nine blood donors to each bacterial strain. 

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