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. 2022 Jul-Sep;15(3):230–236. doi: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_174_21

Table 1.

Definitions for the ABCD rule of dermoscopy[6]

Dermoscopic features Definition
A = asymmetry The lesion is bisected by two lines that are placed 90degree to each other. The first line attempts to bisect the lesion at the division of “most symmetry” and the other line is then placed at 90 degrees to it. Symmetry takes into account the contour, colors and structures within a lesion. Lesions that are symmetric in both axes are given zero points, one axial asymmetry one point and biaxial asymmetry 2 points. Thus, the points range from 0 to 2.
B = border sharpness First the lesion is divided into eight pie-shaped pieces. Next, the number of segments that have an abrupt perimeter cut off are counted. Thus, the points range from 0-8.
C = colors Number of following colors present: light brown, dark brown, black, red, white, blue-grey. Thus, the points range from 1 to 6.
D = dermoscopic structures Number of following 5 structures: dots, globules, structureless (homogenous) areas. Network and branched streaks.