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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Diabetes Complications. 2022 Nov 14;36(12):108357. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108357

Figure 5. Differences in carbon chain length and number of double bonds in complex lipids and acylcarnitines between adults with type 2 diabetes with and without progressive kidney function decline.

Figure 5.

(A) Greater relative abundance of longer unsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) in the serum of adults with progressive (n = 32) versus non-progressive (n = 60) eGFR decline. (B) A similar pattern was found when all participants were grouped based on whether they achieved a sustained GFR <90 (n = 33), <60 (n = 13), and <30 mL/min (n = 6). (C) Lower relative abundance of longer unsaturated acylcarnitines (ACs) in adults with progressive versus non-progressive eGFR decline. (D) A similar trend was noted in abundance of ACs by carbon number, when all participants were grouped based on whether they achieved a sustained GFR <90 (n = 33), <60 (n = 13), or <30 mL/min (n = 6). Reprinted from Afshinnia F et al., JCI Insight 2019. Reprinted with permission of American Society for Clinical Investigation, from JCI Insight, “Increased lipogenesis and impaired β-oxidation predict type 2 diabetic kidney disease progression in American Indians,” Afshinnia et al., 21:4, 2019; permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.