Table 3.
Predictors of former transit riders reporting difficulty accessing healthcare.
| Toronto |
Vancouver |
|
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||
| Male sex | 0.87 (0.75, 1.01) | 0.66 (0.54, 0.81)*** |
| Age | ||
| 18-29 | Reference | Reference |
| 30-49 | 0.99 (0.87, 1.14) | 0.89 (0.74, 1.07) |
| 50-64 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 0.88 (0.67, 1.14) |
| 65+ | 1.25 (0.97, 1.61) | 1.06 (0.78, 1.43) |
| Recent immigrant | 1.00 (0.82, 1.22) | 0.89 (0.69, 1.16) |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||
| White | Reference | Reference |
| Non-White | 1.11 (0.97, 1.27) | 1.22 (1.03, 1.45)* |
| Multiethnic | 1.24 (1.00, 1.55) | 1.03 (0.79, 1.35) |
| Canadian Indigenous | 0.88 (0.64, 1.22) | 0.89 (0.64, 1.24) |
| Pre-tax household income (2019) | ||
| Very High (>$125,000) | Reference | Reference |
| High ($80,000-$124,999) | 1.1 (0.91, 1.34) | 1.22 (0.90, 1.64) |
| Middle ($40,000-$79,999) | 1.21 (1.00, 1.46) | 1.07 (0.80, 1.45) |
| Low (<$40,000) | 1.29 (1.05, 1.58)* | 1.34 (0.99, 1.82) |
| Health status and risk perception | ||
| “I am at risk for severe illness from COVID” | ||
| Disagree/Strongly Disagree | Reference | Reference |
| Neither Agree or Disagree | 1.15 (0.98, 1.35) | 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) |
| Agree/Strongly Agree | 1.26 (1.10, 1.45)*** | 1.39 (1.16, 1.68)*** |
| Self-rated health | ||
| Excellent | Reference | Reference |
| Very Good | 1.03 (0.84, 1.27) | 1.09 (0.78, 1.51) |
| Good | 1.06 (0.87, 1.29) | 1.29 (0.94, 1.78) |
| Fair | 1.20 (0.96, 1.51) | 1.34 (0.94, 1.90) |
| Poor | 1.19 (0.79, 1.78) | 1.36 (0.83, 2.22) |
| Number of ER visits in the last year | 1.07 (1.00, 1.15) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.12) |
| Physical disability | 1.18 (0.97, 1.44) | 1.35 (1.05, 1.74)* |
| Accessibility and built form | ||
| Car access/ownership | ||
| Owns | Reference | Reference |
| Access but does not own | 1.64 (1.39, 1.93)*** | 2.09 (1.72, 2.54)*** |
| Neither | 1.78 (1.54, 2.06)*** | 2.34 (1.91, 2.86)*** |
| “My neighborhood is walkable” | ||
| Agree/Strongly Agree | Reference | Reference |
| Neither Agree Nor Disagree | 1.26 (1.03, 1.55)* | 1.18 (0.88, 1.60) |
| Disagree/Strongly Disagree | 1.2 (0.98, 1.47) | 1.26 (0.95, 1.67) |
| “It is hard to physical distance in my neighborhood” | ||
| Agree/Strongly Agree | Reference | Reference |
| Neither Agree Nor Disagree | 0.93 (0.79, 1.09) | 1.04 (0.83, 1.30) |
| Disagree/Strongly Disagree | 0.79 (0.69, 0.90)** | 0.76 (0.64, 0.90)** |
| Distance to nearest pharmacy (km) | 1.15 (0.99, 1.33) | 1.31 (1.07, 1.61)** |
| Monthly use of telehealth before COVID-19 > 0 times | 1.17 (1.03, 1.33)* | 0.98 (0.8, 1.20) |
***p < .0001, **p < .01, *p < .05.