Appendix 1—table 13. BMI and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and ADHD at age 8 in MoBa, adult BMI PGS, genetic models adjusted for parental education (N=40,949)^*.

		MR estimate†			Within-families MR estimate†
Outcome		Beta (per 5 kg/m2)	CI	p	Beta (per 5 kg/m2)	CI	p
Depressive symptoms: standardized SMFQ‡ score	Child BMI	0.38	0.19,0.58	<0.001	0.26	–0.01,0.53	0.06
	Mother’s BMI				0.09	–0.00,0.17	0.05
	Father’s BMI				–0.00	–0.11,0.11	0.97
Anxiety symptoms: standardized SCARED§ score	Child BMI	–0.08	–0.26,0.11	0.43	0.01	–0.25,0.27	0.95
	Mother’s BMI				–0.04	–0.12,0.05	0.40
	Father’s BMI				–0.03	–0.14,0.08	0.64
ADHD symptoms: standardized RS-DBD ¶ score, ADHD items	Child BMI	0.27	0.09,0.45	0.003	0.37	0.10,0.64	0.007
	Mother’s BMI				–0.03	–0.12,0.06	0.52
	Father’s BMI				–0.05	–0.16,0.06	0.37
ADHD-inattention symptoms: standardized RS-DBD¶ score, inattention items	Child BMI	0.25	0.07,0.42	0.007	0.39	0.13,0.66	0.004
	Mother’s BMI				–0.02	–0.11,0.07	0.64
	Father’s BMI				–0.10	–0.21,0.01	0.08
ADHD-hyperactivity symptoms: standardized RS-DBD¶ score, hyperactivity items	Child BMI	0.24	0.06,0.42	0.009	0.27	0.00,0.55	0.05
	Mother’s BMI				–0.03	–0.12,0.06	0.49
	Father’s BMI				0.01	–0.10,0.12	0.85

^*Coefficients represent S.D. change in symptoms per 5 kg/m² increase in BMI.

^†Models adjust for the child’s sex and birth year and the child’s, mother’s, and father’s genotyping centre, genotyping chip, and first 20 principal components of ancestry.

^‡Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire.

^§Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders.

^¶Parent/Teacher Rating Scale for Disruptive Behaviour Disorders.