Table 1. Fatty acid intakes (g/day) assessed with DR1 for 28- or 14-days by area.
| Ninohe PHC area | Yokote PHC area | Saku PHC area | Ishikawa PHC area | ANOVA P-value |
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| Mean | ± SD | Median | Mean | ± SD | Median | Mean | ± SD | Median | Mean | ± SD | Median | ||
| Men | n=24 | n=28 | n=23 | n=27 | |||||||||
| SFA2 | 15.9 | ± 3.4 | 15.4 | 14.1 | ± 3.0 | 13.7 | 17.2 | ± 3.3 | 17.4 | 17.1 | ± 3.7 | 18.3 | 0.003 |
| Myristic (14:0) | 1.3 | ± 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | ± 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.4 | ± 0.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | ± 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.020 |
| Palmitic (16:0) | 9.8 | ± 1.7 | 10.1 | 8.7 | ± 1.6 | 8.7 | 10.4 | ± 1.8 | 10.4 | 10.7 | ± 2.2 | 11.1 | 0.001 |
| Stearic (18:0) | 3.5 | ± 0.7 | 3.5 | 3.1 | ± 0.6 | 3.1 | 3.7 | ± 0.8 | 3.7 | 4.2 | ± 1.0 | 4.3 | 0.000 |
| MUFA2 | 19.0 | ± 3.5 | 19.1 | 17.7 | ± 2.9 | 16.9 | 20.2 | ± 3.4 | 20.3 | 21.4 | ± 4.3 | 22.1 | 0.001 |
| Palmitoleic (16:1) | 1.2 | ± 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | ± 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | ± 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ± 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.977 |
| Oleic (18:1) | 16.3 | ± 2.9 | 16.3 | 14.9 | ± 2.6 | 14.5 | 17.7 | ± 3.2 | 17.7 | 19.2 | ± 3.8 | 19.9 | 0.000 |
| PUFA2 | 16.4 | ± 3.4 | 16.2 | 14.7 | ± 2.3 | 14.2 | 15.9 | ± 2.2 | 15.6 | 16.5 | ± 3.7 | 17.2 | 0.089 |
| n-3 PUFA | 3.9 | ± 1.3 | 3.8 | 3.5 | ± 0.7 | 3.4 | 3.6 | ± 0.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | ± 0.8 | 2.8 | 0.002 |
| Linolenic (18:3n-3) | 1.9 | ± 0.4 | 1.9 | 1.7 | ± 0.3 | 1.7 | 1.8 | ± 0.3 | 1.8 | 2.0 | ± 0.5 | 2.0 | 0.140 |
| EPA2 (20:5n-3) | 0.7 | ± 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.6 | ± 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | ± 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | ± 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.000 |
| DPA2 (22:5n-3) | 0.2 | ± 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.000 |
| DHA2 (22:6n-3) | 1.0 | ± 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ± 0.3 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ± 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.6 | ± 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.000 |
| n-6 PUFA | 12.5 | ± 2.5 | 12.4 | 11.1 | ± 1.8 | 10.8 | 12.2 | ± 2.0 | 12.2 | 13.5 | ± 3 | 14.2 | 0.004 |
| Linoleic (18:2n-6) | 12.4 | ± 2.4 | 12.3 | 11.0 | ± 1.8 | 10.7 | 12.1 | ± 2.0 | 12.0 | 13.4 | ± 3 | 14.0 | 0.003 |
| Eicosatrienoic (20:3n-6) | 0.03 | ± 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | ± 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.03 | ± 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.02 | ± 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.000 |
| Arachidonic (20:4n-6) | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.025 |
| n-6/n-3 ratio | 3.4 | ± 0.7 | 3.4 | 3.2 | ± 0.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | ± 0.8 | 3.5 | 4.7 | ± 0.8 | 4.8 | 0.000 |
| PUFA/SFA ratio | 1.1 | ± 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | ± 0.2 | 1.1 | 0.9 | ± 0.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | ± 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.125 |
| TFA2 | 51.8 | ± 9.0 | 53.5 | 46.9 | ± 7.5 | 45.6 | 53.9 | ± 8.3 | 54.2 | 55.5 | ± 10.3 | 56.8 | 0.004 |
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| Women | n=27 | n=30 | n=28 | n=28 | |||||||||
| SFA | 13.9 | ± 3.1 | 13.4 | 13.9 | ± 2.3 | 14.3 | 15.5 | ± 3.0 | 15.5 | 16.3 | ± 4.9 | 15.6 | 0.019 |
| Myristic (14:0) | 1.2 | ± 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | ± 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | ± 0.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | ± 0.5 | 1.2 | 0.168 |
| Palmitic (16:0) | 8.3 | ± 1.5 | 8.2 | 8.4 | ± 1.3 | 8.5 | 9.1 | ± 1.6 | 9.2 | 9.7 | ± 2.8 | 9.4 | 0.018 |
| Stearic (18:0) | 3.1 | ± 0.7 | 3.1 | 3.0 | ± 0.6 | 3.1 | 3.4 | ± 0.7 | 3.3 | 3.9 | ± 1.3 | 3.8 | 0.001 |
| MUFA | 16.4 | ± 2.9 | 16.4 | 17.0 | ± 2.8 | 16.8 | 17.5 | ± 2.6 | 17.5 | 18.9 | ± 5.1 | 19.0 | 0.054 |
| Palmitoleic (16:1) | 1.0 | ± 0.2 | 0.9 | 1.1 | ± 0.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | ± 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ± 0.4 | 1.0 | 0.322 |
| Oleic (18:1) | 14.2 | ± 2.7 | 14.3 | 14.5 | ± 2.5 | 14.3 | 15.4 | ± 2.3 | 15.5 | 17.0 | ± 4.5 | 17.2 | 0.004 |
| PUFA | 14.0 | ± 2.7 | 13.9 | 13.8 | ± 2.2 | 13.6 | 13.6 | ± 2.0 | 13.1 | 14.0 | ± 3.4 | 13.6 | 0.935 |
| n-3 PUFA | 3.2 | ± 0.8 | 3.0 | 3.2 | ± 0.6 | 3.1 | 3.0 | ± 0.6 | 3.0 | 2.5 | ± 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.000 |
| Linolenic (18:3n-3) | 1.6 | ± 0.4 | 1.7 | 1.6 | ± 0.3 | 1.6 | 1.7 | ± 0.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | ± 0.4 | 1.7 | 0.961 |
| EPA (20:5n-3) | 0.6 | ± 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.6 | ± 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.4 | ± 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | ± 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.000 |
| DPA (22:5n-3) | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.000 |
| DHA (22:6n-3) | 0.8 | ± 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | ± 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | ± 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 | ± 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.000 |
| n-6 PUFA | 10.8 | ± 2.1 | 10.7 | 10.5 | ± 1.8 | 10.5 | 10.6 | ± 1.6 | 10.3 | 11.5 | ± 2.8 | 11.2 | 0.300 |
| Linoleic (18:2n-6) | 10.7 | ± 2.1 | 10.6 | 10.4 | ± 1.8 | 10.4 | 10.5 | ± 1.6 | 10.2 | 11.4 | ± 2.8 | 11.1 | 0.248 |
| Eicosatrienoic (20:3n-6) | 0.02 | ± 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ± 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.03 | ± 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ± 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.197 |
| Arachidonic (20:4n-6) | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ± 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | ± 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.435 |
| n-6/n-3 ratio | 3.4 | ± 0.7 | 3.6 | 3.3 | ± 0.5 | 3.2 | 3.6 | ± 0.5 | 3.5 | 4.8 | ± 0.8 | 4.9 | 0.000 |
| PUFA/SFA ratio | 1.0 | ± 0.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ± 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | ± 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.9 | ± 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.019 |
| TFA | 44.7 | ± 7.6 | 45.7 | 45.1 | ± 6.9 | 44.9 | 47.1 | ± 6.8 | 47.4 | 49.6 | ± 12.6 | 48.5 | 0.145 |
1DR, dietary records.
2TFA, total fatty acid; SFA, saturated fatty acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid.