Table 2. Carotenoid intakes (µg/day) and vitamin C intakes (mg/day) assessed with FFQ1 by area.
Ninohe PHC | Yokote PHC | Saku PHC | Ishikawa PHC | ANOVA p-value |
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Mean | ± | SD | Median | Mean | ± | SD | Median | Mean | ± | SD | Median | Mean | ± | SD | Median | ||
Men (n=102) | n=24 | n=28 | n=23 | n=27 | |||||||||||||
Carotene | 3722 | ± | 2816 | 3588 | 3719 | ± | 4606 | 2346 | 4120 | ± | 1818 | 3551 | 3736 | ± | 2450 | 3308 | 0.9643 |
Alpha-carotene | 607 | ± | 661 | 491 | 449 | ± | 636 | 228 | 523 | ± | 382 | 403 | 669 | ± | 441 | 618 | 0.4754 |
Beta-carotene | 2891 | ± | 2168 | 2762 | 3015 | ± | 3923 | 2022 | 3365 | ± | 1444 | 3126 | 2935 | ± | 1965 | 2377 | 0.9230 |
Lycopene | 3288 | ± | 5203 | 816 | 4543 | ± | 5368 | 2761 | 3407 | ± | 3478 | 2345 | 2254 | ± | 4075 | 437 | 0.3424 |
Vitamin C | 146 | ± | 95 | 115 | 198 | ± | 182 | 170 | 192 | ± | 65 | 196 | 130 | ± | 68 | 111 | 0.0910 |
Women (n=113) | n=27 | n=30 | n=28 | n=28 | |||||||||||||
Carotene | 3670 | ± | 2787 | 2669 | 3867 | ± | 4194 | 2549 | 4638 | ± | 2664 | 4268 | 4247 | ± | 2007 | 3928 | 0.6496 |
Alpha-carotene | 513 | ± | 485 | 350 | 486 | ± | 627 | 241 | 563 | ± | 421 | 471 | 759 | ± | 377 | 635 | 0.1515 |
Beta-carotene | 2906 | ± | 2261 | 2187 | 3140 | ± | 3524 | 2176 | 3769 | ± | 2129 | 3515 | 3342 | ± | 1605 | 2986 | 0.6215 |
Lycopene | 2762 | ± | 2566 | 1439 | 4262 | ± | 6796 | 2502 | 4212 | ± | 5993 | 2049 | 1261 | ± | 1743 | 535 | 0.0676 |
Vitamin C | 172 | ± | 106 | 143 | 208 | ± | 229 | 141 | 244 | ± | 164 | 203 | 142 | ± | 71 | 115 | 0.0915 |
1FFQ, food frequency questionnaire.