Table 5.
Significant hospitalization risk factors after univariate analysis for ROP development and progression.
| Hospitalization factors | Development | Progression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | p | No | Yes | p | |
| O2 duration (days) | 9.36 ± 13.86 | 42.34 ± 38.47 | 0.0001* | 29.76 ± 30.43 | 68.26 ± 40.51 | 0.0001* |
| Minimum FiO2 | 21.30 ± 1.19 | 22.58 ± 4.68 | 0.0001* | 22.29 ± 4.22 | 23.18 ± 5.50 | 0.250 |
| Highest FiO2 | 31.08 ± 14.51 | 38.33 ± 20.70 | 0.0001* | 36.05 ± 19.25 | 43.15 ± 22.85 | 0.035* |
| MV duration (days) | 6.12 ± 5.65 | 18.67 ± 17.35 | 0.0001* | 14.51 ± 13.19 | 24.64 ± 20.70 | 0.002* |
| Length of stay | 39.34 ± 15.21 | 74.40 ± 30.14 | 0.0001* | 64.96 ± 25.86 | 93.86 ± 29.13 | 0.0001* |
| Weight 28-days | 1848.78 ± 315.78 | 1356.52 ± 394.66 | 0.0001* | 1452.29 ± 369.53 | 1159.18 ± 373.24 | 0.0001* |
| CPAP | 212 (84.8%) | 192 (95.0%) | 0.0001* | 127 (93.4%) | 65 (98.5%) | 0.117 |
| MV | 51 (20.4%) | 125 (61.9%) | 0.0001* | 72 (52.9%) | 53 (80.3%) | 0.001* |
| O2 28 days | 23 (9.2%) | 115 (56.9%) | 0.0001* | 62 (45.6%) | 53 (80.3%) | 0.0001* |
| Nasal high-flow therapy | 54 (21.6%) | 97 (48.0%) | 0.0001* | 54 (39.7%) | 43 (65.2%) | 0.001* |
| HFOV | 22 (8.8%) | 68 (33.7%) | 0.0001* | 29 (21.3%) | 39 (59.1%) | 0.0001* |
| NIV | 15 (6.0%) | 82 (40.6%) | 0.0001* | 43 (31.6%) | 39 (59.1%) | 0.0001* |
| Surfactant administration | 60 (24.0%) | 126 (62.4%) | 0.0001* | 74 (54.4%) | 52 (78.8%) | 0.001* |
| IVH | 30 (12.0%) | 64 (31.7%) | 0.0001* | 35 (25.7%) | 29 (43.9%) | 0.009* |
| PN 28 days | 88 (35.2%) | 78 (38.6%) | 0.454 | 45 (33.1%) | 33 (50.0%) | 0.021* |
| NEC | 2 (0.8%) | 16 (7.9%) | 0.0001* | 6 (4.4%) | 10 (15.2%) | 0.008* |
| Spontaneous bowel perforation | 1 (0.4%) | 11 (5.4%) | 0.001* | 5 (3.7%) | 6 (9.1%) | 0.112 |
| Positive CMV infection | 3 (1.2%) | 15 (7.4%) | 0.001* | 7 (5.2%) | 8 (12.1%) | 0.076 |
| CMV treatment | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (5.4%) | 0.0001* | 5 (3.7%) | 6 (9.1%) | 0.112 |
MV mechanical ventilation, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure therapy, HFOV High frequency oscillatory ventilation, NIV non-invasive ventilation, NEC necrotizing enterocolitis, CMV cytomegalovirus. *p < 0.005. Percentages refer to children with the risk factor.