Table 1.
Description of exposure variables
| Sex | Male, female |
|---|---|
| Age | Subject age at first measurement |
| Mobility | Timed up and go test (TUG) measured in seconds a. A lower score represents better mobility |
| Leisure activities | Average of days per month engaged, reported for mental and social leisure activities (movies, lectures, church, crossword puzzles, board/card games, and computer games) |
| Foreign languages | Number of foreign languages spoken |
| Education | Education level completed: primary school, secondary, college, university (primary and secondary school were combined into one group) |
| Self-reported health | Self-estimation of general health: excellent, very good, good, fair, poor (two categories: 1, poor and fair; 2, good to excellent) |
| Physical strength | Maximum strength value in leg in newtons |
| Smoking | Smoking status: never smoked, previous smoker, current smoker |
| Coronary artery disease | Coronary artery disease diagnosis based on rose angina, MI ECG, and use of nitrates: yes, possible case, no |
| Alcohol consumption | Grams of alcohol per week consumed |
| Depression | Geriatric Depression Scale scoreb |
| Diabetes | Diagnosed as diabetes by self-report, fasting glucose, or medication use: yes, no |
| Hypertension | Hypertension, derived from physiological measurements (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure): yes, pre-hypertension, no |
| Body fat percentage | Bioelectric Impedance (BIA): percent body fat |
| ApoE carrier | Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype positive carrier: yes, no |