Table 5.

Linear regression model for change in general cognitive ability

	Change in general cognitive ability
	B	β	p
Male a	0.183	.209	< .001*
Age a	− 0.013	− .134	< .001*
Mobility b	− 0.011	− .063	.011*
Leisure activities	0.002	.018	.463
Foreign languages	0.014	.050	.104
Education (Primary or secondary school education as reference)
College education	0.022	.019	.458
University education	0.032	.024	.393
Self-reported health	0.058	.057	.021**
Physical strength	< 0.001	.096	.004*
Smoking (Never having smoked as reference)
Previously smoked	− 0.006	− .007	.775
Current smoker	0.007	.005	.837
Coronary artery disease (No coronary artery disease as reference)
Possible case of coronary artery disease	0.035	.020	.370
Confirmed case of coronary artery disease	− 0.019	− .016	.485
Alcohol consumption	0.001	.048	.043**
Depression	− 0.008	− .034	.174
Diabetes	0.024	.016	.467
Hypertension (No hypertension as reference)
Pre-hypertension	− 0.052	− .059	.111
Hypertension	− 0.056	− .065	.083
Body Fat Percentage	− 0.002	− .031	.393
ApoE $\epsilon 4$ carrier	− 0.076	− .078	.001*
R2	.074

^aSex and age are control variables. ^bThe TUG test for mobility has a negative relationship with the outcome variables. A low score represents more mobility. Better mobility is therefore related to a better outcome

^*Variables marked with one asterisk have a significant p value after a Benjamini–Hochberg correction [50]. **Variables marked with two asterisks have a p value < 0.05 but are considered non-significant after the Benjamini–Hochberg correction