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. 2022 Dec 21;120:106147. doi: 10.1016/j.econmod.2022.106147

Table 3.

Magnitude of Avoidance Behaviors and CGE Modeling Method.

Avoidance Behavior GTAP CGE Modeling Linkage Impacts on the GTAP Sector(s)
Staying home from work Labor force productivity impact −4.58%
Keeping children from school (education sector impact) Reduced demand in Education sector −1.59%
Reduction of in-person school attendance (caregiver impact) Labor force impact −2.71%
Avoiding medical professionals Demand reduction in Human Health and Social Work sector −29.16%
Reducing shopping Demand reduction in Wholesale and Retail Trade sector −5.85%
Avoiding local leisure activities Demand reduction in Recreation & Other Services sector −21.17%
Avoiding dining out Demand reduction in Accommodation, Food and Service Activities sector −26.50%
Avoiding public transportation Demand reduction in Land Transport and Transport via Pipelines sector −4.21%
Canceling air travel Demand reduction in Air Transport sector −57.48%
Demand reduction in Accommodation, Food and Service Activities sector −9.67%