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. 2022 Dec 6;10(4):e38703. doi: 10.2196/38703

Table 1.

Quantitative data assessing system usability, flow, enjoyment, immersion, and perceived physical and cognitive exertion (N=15).

Measurement Mean (SD) Median (IQR) Range
System usability

System Usability Scale 70.5 (12.0) 70.0 (65.0-77.5) 47.5-92.5
Training experience

Flow Short Scale


Overall flow 5.3 (1.0) 5.6 (5.0-6.0) 2.8-6.3


Fluency of performance 5.5 (1.1) 5.8 (4.9-6.2) 3.3-6.8


Absorption 5.0 (1.2) 5.3 (4.9-5.6) 1.8-6.5


Perceived importance 2.3 (1.3) 2.0 (1.2-2.7) 1.0-6.0

Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale 5.3 (1.1) 5.6 (5.0-6.0) 2.3-6.5

Immersive Experience Questionnaire


Total immersion 4.7 (0.9) 5.0 (4.4-5.2) 1.7-5.4


Challenge 4.8 (0.9) 4.8 (4.5-5.4) 2.5-6.0


Control 4.5 (1.2) 4.6 (4.1-5.2) 1.0-5.6


Real world dissociation 4.3 (1.1) 4.3 (4.0-4.9) 1.1-5.4


Emotional involvement 4.0 (1.3) 4.0 (3.8-4.9) 1.0-5.8


Cognitive involvement 5.4 (1.3) 5.7 (5.2-6.1) 1.6-6.7


Immersion reliability checka 7.0 (2.0) 8.0 (6.3-8.0) 1.0-9.0
Rating of perceived exertions

Physical 4.8 (1.6) 5.0 (4.0-6.0) 1.5-7.0

Cognitive 3.9 (1.4) 4.0 (3.0-5.0) 1.0-6.0

an=14. Scores presented as mean values, median values, SDs, IQRs, and the minimum and maximum values for each measurement.