FIGURE 1.

Rice–Vannucci model of HIE and sample collection schedule. HIE: Seven‐day‐old Sprague–Dawley rat pups underwent surgery for ligation of the left carotid artery, recovery for 1 h with their dam, then were placed in a hypoxia chamber at 8% oxygen for 120 min and returned to their dam to recover. Temperature was maintained throughout at 37 degrees. Controls: no surgery or anesthesia. Sham: Anesthesia and skin incision. Sample collection: Daily weights and urine were collected prior to intervention on D0, post‐intervention on D1‐3, and at sacrifice, D7.