Table 3.

What leadership skills did students develop during the project activity and how did they improve their Self-directed learning (SDL) approach

Leadership skills developed

SDL improved by this method

Confidence Getting the different opinions together Listening skill Co-ordination, work distribution Making all the people work and more importantly together Taking a responsibility for coordinating with the teachers Dealing with people of different nature Distribution of work to individual Conflict management Communication Acceptance of ideas of others Integrity, relationship building Improved my knowledge regarding the topic Strategic thinking, planning, and delivery- Encouraging others Learned planning the project in a well-organized way Taking responsibility Being accountable to the task Open mind thinking To contribute and validate my content effectively with consent Make members hold responsible for the given task Able to give constructive criticism to group members Take feedback on the task Manage a time Delegate

Ability to manage learning tasks and learn about time management Detailed research was needed to propose precise information for the case. It made me read and understand my topic as well as other groups Formulating learning goals, taking initiative Learning to search for topics allotted to me within the specified time frame By making anatomy fun. By not sticking to conventional methods We solved the case ourselves and we found according to that case clinical aspect It is improved by researching on given case & related aspects by understanding it through various pathways. I looked up pathology videos, Obstetrics & Gynaecology reference guides, and radiology resources too which I probably never would have in the first year. Yes, because in this case given to us we have to find the proper diagnosis and related anatomy. We were encouraged to correlate it with the clinical case and other subjects of MBBS. Also, used the internet extensively while getting doubts regarding the content which may or may not have arisen otherwise. Clearing self-made doubts that I may have on a particular topic. I googled for lots of extra information and I learned a lot of stuff not mentioned in the textbook I needed to do an extra effort and fetch some more information from different resources and during the process, my concept got more clarity To be honest, although our teachers encouraged us to follow the path of self-directed learning, I was never able to realize neither its value nor its full potential. But after this activity, I finally understood that self-directed learning is an enlightening journey in which a lot of knowledge can be gained in a short period which is not tiring and also helps to study the subject in-depth. I can search for more things about the topics by myself Deep learning about each topic Clinical correlation of every topic in a better-organized way makes me have more interest in that particular aspect It got me to know how to do focused research on the internet