Table 2.
Self-stigma and depression across time
| Mean (SD) | F (p-value) | Comparisons using Bonferroni adjustments | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | |||
| Self-stigma_ Affect | 2.34 (0.82) | 2.17 (0.75) | 2.19 (0.82) | 2.19 (0.91) | 6.29 (p < 0.01) | 1 > 2, 1 > 3, 1 > 4 |
| Self-stigma_ Behavior | 2.70 (0.91) | 2.50 (0.87) | 2.49 (0.88) | 2.36 (1.07) | 18.45 (p < 0.01) | 1 > 2, 1 > 3, 1 > 4, 2 > 4, 3 > 4 |
| Self-stigma_ Cognition | 2.22 (0.89) | 2.07 (0.80) | 2.14 (0.77) | 2.11 (1.01) | 3.37 (p = 0.02) | 1 > 2 |
| Depression | 7.94 (10.34) | 7.24 (9.83) | 7.31 (9.20) | 7.06 (8.70) | 1.41 (p = 0.24) | |
Self-stigma assessed using the Self-Stigma Scale-Short form; depression assessed using the Depression subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21). Time 1 = baseline; Time 2 = first follow-up (three months after baseline); Time 3 = second follow-up (six months after baseline); Time 4 = third follow-up (nine months after baseline); Post-hoc comparisons were Bonferroni-corrected