Table 4.

Relationship of oral health behaviors and health awareness with gingivitis

Variable	N	Gingivitis (N = 823)	Normal (N = 2057)	X2	P
		n (%)	n (%)
Bleeding from brushing teeth
Never	2038	400 (19.63)	1638 (80.37)	325.874	0.00
Sometimes	762	355 (46.58)	407 (53.41)
Frequently	80	68 (85)	12 (15)
Daily brushing frequency
Three or more times a day	48	13 (27.08)	35 (72.92)	0.24	0.887
Twice a day	2124	603 (28.39)	1521 (71.61)
Once a day	708	207 (29.24)	501 (70.76)
Brushing time
> 3 min	542	139 (25.65)	403 (74.35)	6.223	0.045
2 –3 min	1542	432 (28.02)	1110 (71.98)
< 2 min	796	252 (31.66)	544 (68.34)
Flossed or not
Yes	1153	243 (21.08)	910 (78.92)	53.004	0.000
No	1727	580 (33.58)	1147 (66.42)
Whether to rinse your mouth after a meal
Every time	505	143 (28.32)	362 (71.68)	0.449	0.799
Sometimes	1876	543 (28.94)	1333 (71.06)
No mouthwash	499	137 (27.45)	362 (72.55)
Have you seen a dentist in the past year
Yes	2007	445 (22.17)	1562 (77.83)	133.039	0.000
No	873	378 (43.3)	495 (56.7)
Brushing prevents bleeding gums
Yes	2068	595 (28.77)	1473 (71.23)	0.252	0.882
No	428	118 (27.57)	310 (72.43)
Unknown	384	110 (28.65)	274 (71.35)
It is important to have regular dental check-ups
Yes	2820	807 (28.62)	2013 (72.38)	10.576	0.005
No	17	7 (41.18)	10 (58.82)
Unknown	43	9 (20.93)	34 (79.07)
Causes of bleeding from brushing teeth
Normal	72	25 (34.72)	47 (65.28)	4.205	0.24
Excessive force	566	175 (30.92)	391 (69.08)
Inflammation of the gums	1569	444 (28.3)	1125 (71.7)
Unknown	673	179 (26.6)	494 (73.4)
Your parents will supervise your tooth brushing every day
Yes	1425	396 (27.79)	1029 (72.21)	1.241	0.538
No	232	72 (31.03)	160 (68.97)
Sometimes	1223	355 (29.03)	868 (70.97)