Table 2.
Plant growth promotion traits and extracellular enzyme production by endophytic actinobacteria associated with orchid.
| Sl. no. | Strain code | PGP traits | Extracellular enzyme productions | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IAA production(µg/ml) | P solubilization (µg/ml) | Ammonia production (µmol/ml) | N2 fixation | Siderophore production (%) | ACC deaminase | Chitinase | Protease | Cellulase | Pectinase | ||
| 1 | DNRA1 | 20.7 ± 0.4 | 289.7 ± 11.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | – | ND | + | – | + | – | – |
| 2 | DNRA2 | ND | ND | 3.4 ± 0.1 | – | ND | + | – | – | – | + |
| 3 | DNRA3 | 13.6 ± 0.2 | 134.3 ± 5.2 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | + | 21.3 ± 0.2 | + | – | + | – | – |
| 4 | DNRA4 | ND | 80.5 ± 6.0 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | – | ND | + | + | + | + | – |
| 5 | DNRA5 | 32.2 ± 0.5 | 112.4 ± 10 | ND | – | ND | + | + | – | – | + |
| 6 | DNLA1 | 14.6 ± 0.08 | ND | 3.6 ± 0.1 | + | ND | + | + | + | + | + |
| 7 | DNLA2 | ND | 169.6 ± 6.2 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 8 | DNLA13 | 5.8 ± 0.08 | 123.5 ± 2.8 | ND | + | ND | – | + | – | – | – |
| 9 | DCRA1 | ND | 61.1 ± 4.4 | ND | – | ND | – | – | + | – | + |
| 10 | DCRA2 | 24.3 ± 0.1 | 89.8 ± 3.0 | 4.5 ± 0.2 | + | ND | – | + | + | + | – |
| 11 | DCRA3 | ND | 193.1 ± 9.2 | 3.7 ± 0.3 | + | ND | + | – | + | – | – |
| 12 | DCLA1 | 12.8 ± 0.2 | ND | ND | – | 40.5 ± 0.6 | – | + | – | – | – |
| 13 | DCLA2 | ND | ND | 3.1 ± 0.2 | – | ND | – | – | – | + | – |
| 14 | DCLA5 | 14.4 ± 0.06 | ND | 5.9 ± 0.2 | – | 32.1 ± 0.3 | – | – | + | – | – |
| 15 | DMRA1 | 10 ± 0.05 | 76.3 ± 4.2 | ND | – | 53.2 ± 0.5 | + | – | – | – | – |
| 16 | DMRA2 | ND | 181.2 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | – | ND | – | – | + | – | + |
| 17 | DMRA3 | 18.5 ± 0.2 | ND | 3.4 ± 0.6 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 18 | DMLA1 | 29.1 ± 0.03 | ND | 2.7 ± 0.2 | + | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 19 | DMLA8 | 7.5 ± 0.1 | ND | 0.9 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | – | + | + | – |
| 20 | DDRA1 | 22.7 ± 0.1 | 124.9 ± 0.8 | ND | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 21 | DDRA2 | 10.3 ± 0.2 | ND | 1.5 ± 0.1 | – | 26.1 ± 0.8 | – | + | – | – | – |
| 22 | DDRA3 | ND | 180.2 ± 1.5 | ND | – | ND | – | – | + | + | + |
| 23 | DDRA4 | ND | ND | 3.1 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | + | – | – | – |
| 24 | DDLA1 | ND | ND | 1.3 ± 0.2 | – | ND | – | – | – | + | – |
| 25 | DDLA2 | ND | ND | 2.2 ± 0.2 | – | 39.2 ± 0.3 | + | – | + | – | – |
| 26 | DFRA1 | ND | ND | ND | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 27 | DFRA2 | ND | ND | 2.5 ± 0.3 | + | ND | – | – | – | + | – |
| 28 | DFRA3 | 18.6 ± 0.08 | 85.8 ± 3.2 | 3.2 ± 1.1 | + | 59.4 ± 0.4 | + | – | – | – | – |
| 29 | DFLA1 | 9.4 ± 0.2 | 93.2 ± 2.3 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | – | ND | + | + | + | – | – |
| 30 | DFLA4 | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | – | + | – | – | – |
| 31 | CARA1 | 23.3 ± 0.1 | 132.5 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 0.4 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 32 | CARA2 | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 33 | CARA3 | ND | ND | ND | – | ND | – | – | + | – | – |
| 34 | CALA1 | ND | ND | 2.5 ± 0.4 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 35 | RRRA1 | ND | 96.3 ± 2.0 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | – | 25.7 ± 0.6 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 36 | RRR46 | 8.4 ± 0.2 | 213.2 ± 0.3 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | – | 61.2 ± 0.2 | – | + | + | + | – |
| 37 | RRLA1 | ND | ND | 4.8 ± 0.2 | – | ND | – | – | + | – | + |
| 38 | RVRA1 | 4 ± 0.08 | ND | 2.9 ± 0.1 | + | ND | – | + | – | – | – |
| 39 | RVRA2 | 33.9 ± 0.4 | ND | 1.3 ± 0.1 | + | ND | + | + | + | – | + |
| 40 | RVRA3 | 27.1 ± 0.1 | 148.3 ± 1.2 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | + | + | + | – |
| 41 | RVRA4 | 11.3 ± 0.2 | 103.6 ± 0.4 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | + | 38.3 ± 0.5 | – | + | – | – | – |
| 42 | RVRA6 | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | – | – | + | – | – |
| 43 | RVRA7 | 38.2 ± 0.2 | 239.1 ± 0.8 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | + | 39.7 ± 0.2 | + | + | – | – | – |
| 44 | RVRA8 | ND | 81.2 ± 0.2 | ND | – | ND | – | + | – | – | + |
| 45 | RVLA1 | 19.1 ± 0.8 | ND | 1.5 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | – |
| 46 | MORA11 | 12.4 ± 0.1 | 90.3 ± 1.2 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | – | ND | – | – | + | – | – |
| 47 | MOLA1 | 8.4 ± 0.1 | ND | ND | – | 21.3 ± 0.4 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 48 | VCLA1 | ND | ND | ND | + | ND | – | – | – | + | + |
| 49 | VCLA3 | 43.8 ± 0.2 | 258.2 ± 6.7 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | + | 31.3 ± 0.2 | + | + | + | + | – |
| 50 | VCRA1 | ND | ND | 4.1 ± 0.4 | – | ND | – | – | – | – | + |
| 51 | VCRA2 | ND | 115.6 ± 1.1 | ND | – | ND | – | + | + | – | – |
The values represent mean value (n=3), ± (standard error, SE), (+) activity or growth, (-) represents negative activity or no growth. IAA, Indole Acetic Acid production; P solubilization, Phosphate solubilization; ND, Not detected.