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. 2022 Oct 26;10(6):e02137-22. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02137-22

TABLE 2.

Phenotypic detection of ESBL and AmpC among carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales clinical isolates using the standard and modified confirmatory ESBL/AmpC testsa

Phenotypic confirmatory test
ESBL detection
AmpC detection
Standard
Modified
Standard
Modified
Genotype
No. (%) Sensitivity % Specificity % Inconclusive (%) No. (%) Sensitivity % Specificity % Inconclusive (%) No. (%) Sensitivity % Specificity % Inconclusive (%) No. (%) Sensitivity % Specificity % Inconclusive (%)
Carbapenemase(s) ESBL/AmpC No.
KPC (n = 45) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 22 21 (95.5%) 95.5 22 (100%) 100 0 (0) 100 10/22 (45.5)
ESBL pos/pAmpC pos 1 1 (100%) 100 1 (100%) 100 0 (0) 0 1/1 (100)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 19 1 (5.3) 94.7 1 (5.3) 94.7 0 (0) 100 4/19 (21)
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 3 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100
KPC/OXA-48-type (n = 2) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 1 0 (0) 0 1 (100) 100 0 (0) 100 1/1 (100)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 1 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 1/1 (100)
All KPC (n = 47) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 23 21 (91.3) 91.3 23 (100) 100 0 (0) 100 11/23 (47.8)
ESBL pos/pAmpC pos 1 1 (100%) 100 1 100 0 (0) 1/1 (100)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 20 1 (5) 95 1 (5) 95 0 (0) 100 5/20 (25)
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 3 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100
Overall positive results   22/24 (91.7) 91.7 24/24 (100) 100 0/1 (0) 0  
Overall negative results 22/23 (95.7) 95.7 22/23 (95.7) 95.7 27/43 (62.8) 62.8 17/43 (39.5)
Overall inconclusive 17/44 (38.6)
IMP (n = 3) ESBL neg/AmpC neg 3 1 (33.3) 66.7 0 (0) 100 3/3 (100) 0 (0) 100
NDM (n = 49) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 18 4 (23.5) 23.5 1/18 (5.5) 18 (100) 100 0 (0) - 100 16/18 (88.8) 0 (0) 100 2/18 (11.1)
ESBL pos/gAmpC pos 4 2 (50) 50 4 (100) 100
ESBL pos/pAmpC pos 9 1 (10) 10 1/9 (11.1) 9 (100) 100 9/9 (100) 1 (14.3) 14.3 2/9 (22.2)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 11 3 (27.3) 72.7 0 (0) 100 11/11 (100) 0 (0) 100 1/11 (9)
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 2 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100
ESBL neg/pAmpC pos 5 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 5/5 (100) 2 (100) 100 3/5 (60)
NDM/OXA-48-type (n = 6) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 2 0 (0) 0 2 (100) 100 2/2 (100) 0 (0) 100
ESBL pos/pAmpC pos 2 0 (0) 0 1 (50) 50 2/2 (100) 0 (0) 0 1/2 (50)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 1 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 1/1 (100) 0 (0) 100 1/1 (100)
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 1 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100
VIM (n = 12) ESBL pos/gAmpC pos 4 0 (0) 0 4 (100) 100
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 4 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 0 (0) - 100 3/4 (75) 0 (0) 100
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 3 1 (33.3) 66.7 0 (0) 100
ESBL neg/pAmpC pos 1 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 1/1 (100) 1 (100) 100
VIM/OXA-48-type (n = 1) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 1 0 (0) 0 0 (0) 0 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100
All MBL (n = 71) ESBL pos/AmpC neg 21 4 (20) 20 1/21 (4.8) 20 (95.2) 95.2 0 (0) 100 18/21 (85.7) 0 (0) 100 2/21 (9.5)
ESBL pos/gAmpC pos 8 2 (25) 25 8 (100) 100
ESBL pos/pAmpC pos 11 1 (10) 10 1/10 (10) 10 (90.1) 90.1 11/11 (100) 1 (12.5) 12.5 3/11 (27.3)
ESBL neg/AmpC neg 19 4 (21) 79 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 18/19 (94.7) 0 (0) 100 2/19 (10.5)
ESBL neg/gAmpC pos 6 1 (16.6) 83.4 0 (0) 100
ESBL neg/pAmpC pos 6 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 6/6 (100) 3 (100) 100 3/6 (50)
Overall positive results   7/40 (17.5) 17.5 2/40 (0.5) 38/40 (95) 95 0/17 (0) 0 17/17 (100) 4/17 (23.5) 23.5 6/17 (35.3)
Overall negative results 26/31 (83.9) 83.9 31/31 (100) 100 4/40 (10) 10 36/40 (90) 36/40 (90) 90 4/40 (10)
Overall inconclusive 2/71 (2.8) 53/57 (93) 10/57 (17.5)
NDM/KPC (n = 2) ESBL neg/AmpC neg 2 0 (0) 100 0 (0) 100 0/2 (0) 0 2/2 (100) 0 (0) - 100 1/2 (50)
VIM/KPC (n = 1) ESBL pos/gAmpC pos 1 0 (0) 0 1 (100) 100
All MBL/KPC (n = 3) Overall positive results   0/1 (0) 0 1/1 (100) 100
Overall negative results 2/2 (100) 100 2/2 (100) 100 100 0/2 0 1/2 (50) 50
Overall inconclusive   2/2 (100) 1/2 (50)
a

No., number, gAmpC, genomic AmpC; pAmpC, plasmidic AmpC.