TABLE 4.
Bacterial culture and 16S rRNA gene sequencing results based on provisional diagnoses among patients with a final diagnosis caused by bacterial infectiona
| Provisional diagnosis | Specimen type (n) | No. (%) of results/total (n = 253) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Culture positive and sequencing positive (n = 108) | Culture negative and sequencing positive (n = 145) | Sequencing positive | ||
| HAP/VAP | BAL fluid (24) | 16/21 (76.2) | 0/3 (0.0) | 16/24 (66.7) |
| CAP | BAL fluid (24) | 13/13 (100) | 1/11 (9.1) | 14/24 (58.3) |
| Lung abscess | BAL fluid (2) | 1/1 (100) | 0/1 (0.0) | 1/2 (50.0) |
| Tissue (1) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | |
| Parapneumonic effusion | Pleural effusion (11) | 1/2 (50.0) | 0/9 (0.0) | 1/11 (9.1) |
| Skin and soft tissue infection | Abscess (16) | 6/7 (85.7) | 4/9 (44.4) | 10/16 (62.5) |
| Tissue (23) | 9/12 (75.0) | 0/11 (0.0) | 9/23 (39.1) | |
| Septic arthritis | Synovial fluid (18) | 3/6 (50.0) | 1/12 (8.3) | 4/18 (22.2) |
| Tissue (15) | 4/6 (66.7) | 2/9 (22.2) | 6/15 (40.0) | |
| Prosthetic joint infection | Synovial fluid (2) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) |
| Tissue (10) | 3/6 (50.0) | 0/4 (0.0) | 3/10 (30.0) | |
| Native vertebral osteomyelitis | Abscess (4) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/4 (0.0) | 0/4 (0.0) |
| Bone (4) | 1/1 (100) | 1/3 (33.3) | 2/4 (50.0) | |
| Tissue (10) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/10 (10.0) | 1/10 (10.0) | |
| Osteomyelitis | Bone (9) | 4/6 (66.7) | 0/3 (0.0) | 4/9 (44.4) |
| Tissue (6) | 2/4 (50.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | 2/6 (33.3) | |
| Postoperative meningitis | CSF (8) | 1/2 (50.0) | 0/6 (0.0) | 1/8 (12.5) |
| Brain abscess/epidural abscess | Abscess (1) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/1 (100) | 1/1 (100) |
| Tissue (2) | 1/1 (100) | 0/1 (0.0) | 1/2 (50.0) | |
| Meningitis | CSF (6) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/6 (0.0) | 0/6 (0.0) |
| Uveitis/endophthalmitis/vitritis (eye) | Vitreous humor (18) | 4/5 (80.0) | 1/13 (7.7) | 5/18 (27.8) |
| Tissue (1) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | |
| Infective endocarditis | Tissue (2) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) |
| Peri/myocarditis | Pericardial effusion (2) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) |
| Lymphadenopathy | Abscess (1) | 1/1 (100) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/1 (100) |
| Tissue (2) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | |
| Intra-abdominal collection | Fluid (8) | 2/2 (100) | 1/6 (16.7) | 3/8 (37.5) |
| Tissue (2) | 1/2 (50.0) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/2 (50.0) | |
| Liver abscess | Abscess (7) | 5/5 (100) | 0/2 (0.0) | 5/7 (71.4) |
| Renal abscess | Abscess (2) | 0/0 (0.0) | 2/2 (100) | 2/2 (100) |
| Perinephric collection | Fluid (3) | 2/2 (100) | 0/1 (0.0) | 2/3 (66.7) |
| Splenic abscess | Abscess (1) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) |
| SBP | Ascites (3) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/3 (0.0) | 0/3 (0.0) |
| Colitis | Tissue (1) | 1/1 (100) | 0/0 (0.0) | 1/1 (100.0) |
| Chorioamnionitis | Amniotic fluid (2) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) | 0/2 (0.0) |
| Bone marrow infection | Blood from BM (1) | 0/0 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) | 0/1 (0.0) |
a
BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; BM, bone marrow; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; SBP, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.