TABLE 2.

Summary of potential antibiotic multitargets^a

Group no.	Protein names	Unexploited multitarget	Bacterial paralog homologyb	Human homologyc	Cellular localizationd	Bacterial conservatione
1	GyrA/ParC	No	+++	++/+	C	Broad
2	GyrB/ParE	No	+++	++	C	Broad
3	FtsI/MrdA	No	+++	None	M	G(+), partial G(–)
4	FtsW/RodA	Yes	+++	None	M	G(+), partial G(–)
5	LolC/LolE	Yes	+++	None	M	Partial G(–) only
6	RpoD/RpoH	Yes	++	None	C	G(–) only
7	DnaA/Hda	Yes	++	None	M+C	G(–) only
8	LpxA/LpxD	Yes	+	None	C	G(–) only
9	MurC/MurD	Yes	+	None	C	Broad
10	PrfA/PrfB	Yes	+++	+++/++	C	Broad
11	Ffh/FtsY	Yes	+++	+++	C	Broad
12	IspA/IspB	Yes	++	+++	C	Broad
13	DnaX/HolB	Yes	+	++/+	C	Broad
14	Der/Era	Yes	+	+/++	C	Broad
15	RibD/TadA	Yes	+	None/++	C	G(–), partial G(+)
16	TsaB/TsaD	Yes	+	None/+++	C	Broad
17	FabI/FabG	Yes	+	++/+++	C	Broad
18	ValS/IleS	Yes	+++	+++	C	Broad
18	ValS/LeuS	Yes	++	+++	C	Broad
18	IleS/LeuS	Yes	++	+++	C	Broad
18	MetG/IleS	Yes	+	+++	C	Broad
18	MetG/LeuS	Yes	+	+++	C	Broad
19	LysS/AspS	Yes	++	+++	C	Broad
19	LysS/AsnS	Yes	+	+++	C	G(+), partial G(–)
19	AspS/AsnS	Yes	+	+++	C	G(+), partial G(–)
20	GltX/GlnS	Yes	++	+++	C	G(–) only
21	ProS/ThrS	Yes	+	+++	C	Broad

^aQualitatively, dark gray shading indicates characteristics that are most favorable, light gray shading indicates favorable, and no shading indicates neutral or unfavorable.

^bHomology based on E values between bacterial paralogs: +, 1e-10 ≤ E value < 0.1; ++, 1e-30 < E value < 1e-10; E value +++, ≤1e-30. Where E values for paralogs fell into different classes depending on the directionality of the search, a single E value representing the lower degree of homology is presented.

^cHomology based on E values of each bacterial paralog with its closest human homolog: +, 1e-10 ≤ E value < 0.1; ++, 1e-30 < E value < 1e-10; E value +++, ≤1e-30; none, no detectable homology. Human homolog E values for both bacterial paralogs are represented in the order of the protein names (column 2). Where E values for the paralogs fell into the same range, a single range value is presented.

^dC, One or both paralogs are cytoplasmic; M, both proteins are localized to the inner membrane, outer membrane, or periplasm; M+C, both proteins are localized in both the membrane and cytoplasmic compartments.

^eBroad, both paralogs are present in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. If either paralog has a more restricted spectrum, that spectrum is designated.