TABLE 2.

Genes encoding chromatin modifiers or transcriptional coactivators involved in fruiting body development^d

Gene name(s)	Species and mutant or overexpression phenotype(s)a	Function or classb	Reference(s)
snt-2, sntB	Neurospora crassa, no perithecia; Aspergillus flavus, no sclerotia	BAH/PHD domain protein	243, 244
crc1	Sordaria macrospora, single mutant fertile, only protoperithecia in a Δcrc1 Δcac2 Δrtt106 Δscm1 quadruple mutant	CRC domain protein	32, 59
dmtA	Aspergillus nidulans, immature cleistothecia without ascospores	(Putative) DNA methyltransferase	245
asf1	Sordaria macrospora, only protoperithecia	H3/H4 histone chaperone	28, 59
rtt106	Sordaria macrospora, single mutant fertile, only protoperithecia in a Δcrc1 Δcac2 Δrtt106 Δscm1 quadruple mutant	H3/H4 histone chaperone	28, 32, 59
cac2	Sordaria macrospora, single mutant fertile, only protoperithecia in a Δcrc1 Δcac2 Δrtt106 Δscm1 quadruple mutant	H3/H4 histone chaperone (CAF-1 complex subunit)	28, 32, 59
AflGcnE, FgGCN5	Aspergillus flavus, no sclerotia; Fusarium graminearum, no perithecia	HAT	246, 247
FgRTT109	Fusarium graminearum, smaller perithecia with a few ascospores	HAT	246
FgSAS3	Fusarium graminearum, fewer perithecia	HAT	246
SNT2	Colletotrichum fructicola, smaller perithecia without spores	HDAC Rpd3 complex subunit	248
HOS2	Colletotrichum fructicola, smaller perithecia without spores	HDAC Set3 complex subunit	248
FTL1	Fusarium graminearum, female sterile	HDAC Set3 complex subunit	249
HDF1	Fusarium graminearum, female sterile	HDAC Set3 complex subunit	250
dim-3	Neurospora crassa, homozygous sterile	Importin subunit α	251
FfJmhy	Flammulina filiformis, reduced stipe elongation in RNAi knockdown strains	JmjC domain protein	131
rtfA	Aspergillus nidulans, no cleistothecia and Hülle cells	(Putative) Paf1 complex subunit	252
fscA	Aspergillus nidulans, no cleistothecia	RcLS2F complex subunit	253
scrC	Aspergillus nidulans, no cleistothecia	RcLS2F complex subunit	253
spt3	Sordaria macrospora, only protoperithecia	SAGA complex subunit	32, 117
ich1	Coprinopsis cinerea, no pileus differentiation	SAM-dependent methyltransferase domainc	254
laeA, bclaea, lae-1	Aspergillus nidulans, fewer Hülle cells and more but smaller cleistothecia with fewer ascospores, cleistothecia produced in light; Botrytis cinerea, no sclerotia (female sterile); Neurospora crassa, fewer protoperithecia	SAM-dependent methyltransferase domainc	82, 93, 232, 233
vapB	Aspergillus nidulans, cleistothecia produced in light	SAM-dependent methyltransferase domainc	85
vipC	Aspergillus nidulans, cleistothecia produced in light	SAM-dependent methyltransferase domainc	85
scm1	Sordaria macrospora, single mutant fertile, only protoperithecia in a Δcrc1 Δcac2 Δrtt106 Δscm1 quadruple mutant	(Putative) SAS complex subunit	32
kmt6	Fusarium graminearum, sterile (no fruiting body precursors)	SET domain protein (H3K27 methyltransferase)	73
dim-5	Neurospora crassa, few spores in homozygous crosses	SET domain protein (H3K9 methyltransferase)	58, 69
Cc.arp9	Coprinopsis cinerea, no fruiting body formation	(Putatively) associated with SWI/SNF and RSC complexes	255
Cc.snf5	Coprinopsis cinerea, no fruiting body formation	(Putative) SWI/SNF complex subunit	256

^aOnly phenotypes related to fruiting body development are given.

^bBAH, bromo-adjacent domain; CAF-1, chromatin assembly factor 1; CRC, chromatin remodeling complex; HAT, histone acetyltransferase; JmjC, Jumonji C (putative histone H3 demethylase domain); HDAC, histone deacetylase; PHD, plant homeodomain zinc finger; RcLS2F complex, RpdA core/LafA/SdsC/ScrC/FscA complex (a histone lysine deacetylase complex); RSC, remodels the structure of chromatin (a member of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex family); SAGA, Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (a transcriptional coactivator); SAM, S-adenosylmethionine; SAS, something about silencing; SET domain, Su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste, trithorax domain (a lysine methyltransferase family); SWI/SNF, switch/sucrose nonfermentable (a class of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes).

^cThe methyltransferase proteins LaeA, VapB, and VipC from A. nidulans have not yet been shown to directly modify chromatin components but are included here because they are nuclear proteins with (at least) an indirect role in mediating the chromatin structure. The putative methyltransferase protein Ich1 from C. cinerea has not yet been shown to be involved in regulating the chromatin structure but was included because of its predicted methyltransferase domain and nuclear localization.

^dGenes are sorted according to (predicted) function and within group according to the species name.