Table 7.
Systolic blood pressure and its subgroup outcomes.
| Outcomes | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | Quality of evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP | Serious* | No serious | No serious | No serious | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| Subgroup of SBP | ||||||
| Dynamic monitoring time | ||||||
| Daytime | Serious* | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕◯◯ LOW |
| Evening | Serious* | Serious‡ | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕◯◯◯ VERY LOW |
| Blood pressure range | ||||||
| Hypertension | Serious* | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕◯◯ LOW |
| Pre-hypertension | Serious* | No serious | No serious | No serious | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| Exercise frequency | ||||||
| <3 times | No serious | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| ≥3 times | Serious* | No serious | No serious | No serious | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| ≥5 times | Serious* | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕◯◯ LOW |
| Training cycle | ||||||
| <8 wk | No serious | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| ≥8 wk | Serious* | No serious | No serious | No serious | None | ⊕⊕⊕◯ MODERATE |
| ≥12 wk | Serious* | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕◯◯ LOW |
| ≥16 wk | Serious* | No serious | No serious | Serious† | None | ⊕⊕◯◯ LOW |
GRADE Working Group grades of evidence.
High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect.
Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different.
Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect.
Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect.
Incomplete outcome data.
The sample size is small.
Results were highly heterogeneous across included studies.