Table 2.
Clinical features and MRI patterns of brain injury in infants with mild HIE who received therapeutic hypothermia, compared to those who did not receive therapeutic hypothermia.
| All N = 142 |
Therapeutic hypothermia N = 121 |
No therapeutic hypothermia N = 21 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical features | ||||
| Gestational age (mean, weeks) | 39.2 | 39.3 | 38.8 | 0.92 |
| Birthweight (mean, grams) | 3292 | 3389 | 3276 | 0.41 |
| Male | 91 (64%) | 17 (81%) | 74 (61%) | 0.08 |
| Lowest cord pH (mean) | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 0.57 |
| 5-minute Apgar (median, range) | 5 (3–6) | 4 (3–6) | 7 (5–8) | <0.0001 |
| 10-minute Apgar (median, range) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–7) | 6 (5–8) | 0.54 |
| Brain MRI | ||||
| Age at scan (median, days) | 5 (4–6) | 5 (4–7) | 4 (3–4) | <0.001 |
| Brain injury present | 87 (61%) | 72 (60%) | 15 (71%) | 0.30 |
| Pattern of injury | ||||
| Normal | 55 (39%) | 49 (40%) | 6 (29%) | 0.30 |
| Watershed | 32 (23%) | 22 (18%) | 10 (48%) | 0.002 |
| Deep gray | 28 (20%) | 24 (20%) | 4 (19%) | 0.92 |
| Punctate white matter | 24 (17%) | 19 (16%) | 5 (24%) | 0.48 |
| Focal parenchymal | 12 (8%) | 10 (8%) | 2 (10%) | 0.95 |
| Arterial ischemic stroke | 5 (4%) | 4 (3%) | 1 (5%) | 0.62 |
| Hippocampal | 2 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.53 |
| Atypicala | 27 (19%) | 25 (21%) | 2 (10%) | 0.29 |
| Multiple patterns | 31 (22%) | 26 (21%) | 5 (24)% | 0.26 |
aAtypical patterns included: other supratentorial white matter signal abnormality (N = 8), cerebellar white matter signal abnormality (N = 5), callosal and/or anterior commissural reduced diffusion in the absence of other deep gray or white matter signal abnormality (N = 5), cerebellar hemorrhage (N = 2), signal abnormality suggestive of kernicterus (N = 2).