Table 3.

Measures.

Construct		Item
Conservatism position [110]	CONS1	Government is almost always wasteful and inefficient. ⁎⁎
	CONS2	Government regulation of business usually does more harm than good.
	CONS3	Poor people today have it easy because they can get government benefits without doing anything in return.
	CONS4	The government today cannot afford to do much more to help the needy.
	CONS5	Immigrants today are a burden on our country because they take our jobs, housing, and healthcare.
	CONS6	The best way to ensure peace is through military strength.
	CONS7	Most corporations make a fair and reasonable amount of profit. ⁎⁎
	CONS8	Stricter environment laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy. ⁎⁎
	CONS9	Homosexuality should be discouraged by society.
Collectivism (α = 0.87) [49]	COL1	Group success is more important than individual success.
	COL2	Being loyal to a group is more important than individual gain.
	COL3	Individual rewards are not as important as group welfare.
	COL4	Being accepted as a member of a group is more important than having autonomy and independence.
	COL5	Being accepted as a member of a group is more important than being independent. ⁎⁎
	COL6	It is more important for a manager to encourage loyalty and a sense of duty in subordinates than it is to encourage individual initiative.

^⁎⁎Item dropped from analysis because of low factor loadings and/or low reliability.