Table 1.
Sociodemographic, screen time, and behavioral characteristics of 11,875 Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study participants
| Sociodemographic characteristics (baseline) | Mean (SD) / % |
|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 9.9 (0.6) |
| Sex (%) | |
| Female | 48.8% |
| Male | 51.2% |
| Race/ethnicity (%) | |
| White | 52.2% |
| Latino / Hispanic | 20.0% |
| Black | 17.3% |
| Asian | 5.5% |
| Native American | 3.2% |
| Other | 1.9% |
| Household income (%) | |
| Less than $25,000 | 18.1% |
| $25,000 through $49,999 | 20.7% |
| $50,000 through $74,999 | 18.0% |
| $75,000 through $99,999 | 15.7% |
| $100,000 through $199,999 | 20.9% |
| $200,000 and greater | 6.7% |
| Parent with college education or more (%) | 79.7% |
| Parent marital status (%) | |
| Married/partnered | 66.7% |
| Unmarried/unpartnered | 33.3% |
| Recreational screen time variables (baseline) | |
| Total screen time, hours per day, mean (SD) | 4.0 (3.2) |
| Less than 2 hours (%) | 30.1% |
| Between 2 and 4 hours (%) | 31.2% |
| 4 or more hours (%) | 38.7% |
| Television shows/movies, hours per day, mean (SD) | 1.3 (1.1) |
| Videos (e.g. YouTube), hours per day, mean (SD) | 1.1 (1.2) |
| Video games, hours per day, mean (SD) | 1.1 (1.1) |
| Texting, hours per day, mean (SD) | 0.2 (0.6) |
| Video chat, hours per day, mean (SD) | 0.2 (0.5) |
| Social media, hours per day, mean (SD) | 0.1 (0.4) |
| Mental health | |
| Any conduct symptoms, baseline (%) | 20.6% |
| Any oppositional defiant symptoms, baseline (%) | 34.7% |
| Major depressive disorder, baseline (%) | 0.3% |
| Any family history of psychopathology (%) | 59.7% |
| Conduct disorder, one-year follow-up (%) | 1.9% |
| Oppositional defiant disorder, one-year follow-up (%) | 6.3% |
Propensity weights were applied to yield nationally representative estimates based on the American Community Survey from the US Census. SD = standard deviation