. 2022 Sep 19;57(1):25–44. doi: 10.1002/jmri.28408

TABLE 4.

Promise and challenges in intraoperative MRI and MRI‐guided procedures

Promise	Challenges
Low‐cost systems could alter the economic feasibility of intraoperative MRI guidance for some procedures. Ability to quickly check for surgical complication, such as hemorrhage, prior to ending the surgical procedure. Reduced requirements for radiofrequency shielding, operational safety, staff training, 5‐gauss line distance, and increased MR compatibility for traditional surgical implements.	Increased procedure time and device costs may discourage adoption of low‐field iMRI devices. Lower image quality, smaller field‐of‐views, and reduced scanner versatility. Reduced gadolinium contrast could affect procedures where resection of enhancing tissue predicts patient outcome. Temperature resolution decreases with magnetic field strength, affecting real‐time MR thermography during ablations. Device configurations need to be optimized to facility patient access.

Promise

Challenges

Low‐cost systems could alter the economic feasibility of intraoperative MRI guidance for some procedures.
Ability to quickly check for surgical complication, such as hemorrhage, prior to ending the surgical procedure.
Reduced requirements for radiofrequency shielding, operational safety, staff training, 5‐gauss line distance, and increased MR compatibility for traditional surgical implements.

Increased procedure time and device costs may discourage adoption of low‐field iMRI devices.
Lower image quality, smaller field‐of‐views, and reduced scanner versatility.
Reduced gadolinium contrast could affect procedures where resection of enhancing tissue predicts patient outcome.
Temperature resolution decreases with magnetic field strength, affecting real‐time MR thermography during ablations.
Device configurations need to be optimized to facility patient access.