Table 2.

Adjusted association of direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) with outcomes relative to warfarin

	Warfarin	DOAC
Number of patients	3431	4244
Ischemic stroke or systemic embolism (primary outcome)
Events, n	42	52
Total person time follow up	3525.39	4178.02
Events per 100 patient years, n (95% CI)	1.19 (0.86, 1.61)	1.24 (0.93, 1.63)
Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	1.11 (0.74, 1.66)
IPTW adjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	1.41 (0.92-2.14)
E-value for IPTW adjusted HR	-	2.17
Major bleeding (primary outcome)
Events, n	153	126
Total person time follow up	3406.55	4088.97
Events per 100 patient years, n (95% CI)	4.49 (3.81, 5.26)	3.08 (2.57, 3.67)
Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.69 (0.55, 0.88)
IPTW adjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.90 (0.70-1.17)
E-value for IPTW adjusted HR	-	1.46
All-cause death (secondary outcome)
Events, n	471	298
Total person time follow up	3539.03	4201.64
Events per 100 patient years, n (95% CI)	13.3 (12.1, 14.6)	7.09 (6.31, 7.95)
Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.51 (0.44, 0.59)
IPTW adjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.81 (0.69-0.94)
E-value for IPTW adjusted HR	-	1.77
Cardiovascular death (secondary outcome)
Events, n	111	79
Total person time follow up	3539.03	4201.64
Events per 100 patient years, n (95% CI)	3.14 (2.18, 3.78)	1.88 (1.49, 2.34)
Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.61 (0.46, 0.81)
IPTW adjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	0.82 (0.59-1.13)
E-value for IPTW adjusted HR	-	1.74
Sepsis (negative control outcome)
Events, n	70	105
Total person time follow up	3517.81	4171.78
Events per 100 patient years, n (95% CI)	1.99 (1.55, 2.51)	2.52 (2.06, 3.05)
Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	1.34 (0.99, 1.81)
IPTW adjusted HR (95% CI)	Reference	1.07 (0.79-1.46)
E-value for IPTW adjusted HR	-	1.34

Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, IPTW inverse probability of treatment weighting