Purified recombinant toxin fragments and chimeras. N-terminal toxin fragments, mutated fragments, and chimeric toxin fragments were constructed as GST fusion proteins, expressed in E. coli, and purified by affinity chromatography. Toxin fragments and mutants (Frag.) are shown as GST fusion proteins, α551 (lane 1), α551.D286A (lane 2), α551.D288A (lane 3), α509 (lane 4), LT132.α551 (lane 5), and LT517.α551 (lane 6); approximately 3 μg was loaded in lane 1, 2 μg was loaded in lanes 2 to 5, and 1 μg was loaded in lane 6.