Table 3.
Meta-analytic pooled incidence rates (events/100,000 person-minutes-days of stimulation) for the total and each adverse event in patients exposed to taVNS.
| Type of adverse event | Number of events | Pooled incidence rate/100,000 person-minutes-days (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Ear pain | 17 | 7.35 (3.61;14.96) |
| Headache | 21 | 7.01 (3.49;14.06) |
| Tingling | 10 | 6.91 (3.28;14.55) |
| Dizziness | 14 | 6.89 (3.42;13.87) |
| Skin redness | 8 | 6.89 (3.33;14.26) |
| Fatigue | 8 | 6.82 (3.33;13.98) |
| Prickling | 15 | 6.77 (3.18;14.43) |
| Pressure | 9 | 6.75 (3.20;14.27) |
| Itching | 11 | 6.75 (3.18;14.32) |
| Unpleasant feeling | 5 | 6.61 (3.16;13.81) |
| Nausea | 5 | 6.55 (3.18;13.49) |
| Nasopharyngitis | 10 | 6.51 (3.19;13.28) |
| Vertigo | 5 | 6.48 (3.15;13.29) |
| Hospitalization | 3 | 6.42 (3.11;13.23) |
| Insomnia | 2 | 6.38 (3.08;13.20) |
| Drowsiness | 3 | 6.37 (3.09;13.11) |
| Mood change | 2 | 6.36 (3.08;13.15) |
| Tinnitus | 2 | 6.32 (3.05;13.08) |
| Conjunctivitis | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.10) |
| Scotoma | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.10) |
| Floating body | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.10) |
| Desadaptation | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.10) |
| Hand pain | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.10) |
| Head full | 1 | 6.31 (3.04;13.09) |
| Diarrhea | 2 | 6.30 (3.05;13.03) |
| Hearing loss | 1 | 6.29 (3.04;13.06) |
| Neck pain | 1 | 6.29 (3.03;13.04) |
| Vibration | 1 | 6.29 (3.03;13.04) |
| Crimpling sensations | 1 | 6.29 (3.03;13.04) |
| Flashbacks | 1 | 6.29 (3.03;13.04) |
| Feeling of flaccidness | 1 | 6.29 (3.03;13.04) |
| Stinging | 2 | 6.27 (3.03;12.99) |
| Hoarseness | 1 | 6.27 (3.02;13.01) |
| Obstipation | 1 | 6.27 (3.02;13.01) |
| Skin irritation | 2 | 6.26 (3.02;12.97) |
| Total | 167 | 12.84 (6.65;24.80) |
| Total number of subjects | 1330 | |
| Total cumulative exposure time (minutes of stimulation x days of stimulation) | 484,812 min-days |
CI: confidence interval.