Table 5.
Perceived norms for alcohol-related consequences: volunteer firefighters
| Mean (SD)† |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All firefighters |
Male firefighters |
Female firefighters |
|||||
| Item‡ | Overall rank∗ | Abstinent | Moderate | Heavy | Abstinent | Moderate | Heavy |
| 1. Got into fights | 3 | –2.53 (1.22) | –2.37 (1.04) | –2.40 (0.92) | –3.00 (0.00) | –2.60 (0.70) | –2.55 (1.10) |
| 2. Work drunk | 1 | –2.77 (0.90) | –2.66 (0.83) | –2.45 (0.89) | –3.00 (0.00) | –2.90 (0.32) | –2.75 (0.72) |
| 3. Cause shame | 11 | –2.20 (1.56) | –2.32 (0.96) | –2.05 (0.91) | –2.75 (0.62) | –2.40 (0.70) | –2.60 (0.75) |
| 4. Neglect responsibilities | 5 | –2.48 (1.09) | –2.51 (0.81) | –2.32 (0.82) | –2.75 (0.62) | –2.30 (0.95) | –2.60 (0.75) |
| 5. Relatives avoid | 13 | –2.02 (1.42) | –2.07 (1.25) | –2.30 (1.13) | –2.42 (1.17) | –2.10 (1.37) | –2.25 (1.02) |
| 6. Need more alcohol | 15 | –2.33 (1.47) | –2.15 (1.17) | –1.54 (1.24) | –2.58 (0.67) | –2.40 (0.70) | –2.30 (1.03) |
| 7. Tried to control | 21 | –0.87 (1.70) | –0.37 (1.67) | –0.08 (1.55) | –0.75 (1.55) | –0.10 (2.13) | –1.20 (1.51) |
| 8. Withdrawal | 18 | –1.62 (1.59) | –1.95 (1.36) | –1.81 (1.27) | –2.33 (1.23) | –2.30 (0.95) | –2.10 (1.07) |
| 9. Personality change | 17 | –1.97 (1.61) | –1.83 (1.45) | –1.68 (1.31) | –2.83 (0.39) | –2.00 (1.16) | –2.25 (1.16) |
| 10. Felt had a problem | 20 | –1.67 (1.95) | –1.17 (1.88) | –1.27 (1.61) | –1.75 (1.82) | –1.50 (1.51) | –2.35 (1.18) |
| 11. Cut down/quit | 22 | 0.77 (2.00) | 0.22 (1.90) | 0.14 (1.67) | 1.33 (1.88) | 1.00 (1.56) | –0.90 (1.55) |
| 12. Memory lapse | 7 | –2.40 (1.25) | –2.54 (0.90) | –1.95 (1.27) | –2.75 (0.45) | –2.80 (0.42) | –2.70 (0.73) |
| 13. Passed out | 6 | –2.60 (0.93) | –2.54 (0.84) | –2.05 (1.33) | –2.83 (0.39) | –2.70 (0.48) | –2.25 (1.02) |
| 14. Argument with friend | 12 | –2.30 (1.39) | –2.27 (0.92) | –2.00 (1.11) | –2.67 (0.65) | –2.40 (0.70) | –2.35 (0.99) |
| 15. Kept drinking | 14 | –2.23 (1.59) | –2.34 (0.88) | –1.68 (1.11) | –2.75 (0.45) | –2.20 (0.92) | –2.35 (1.04) |
| 16. Going crazy | 10 | –2.40 (1.19) | –2.39 (0.97) | –1.92 (1.04) | –2.83 (0.39) | –2.30 (0.95) | –2.45 (0.83) |
| 17. Dependent on alcohol | 4 | –2.53 (1.25) | –2.54 (0.75) | –2.11 (1.05) | –2.92 (0.29) | –2.80 (0.42) | –2.60 (0.82) |
| 18. Told to cut down | 19 | –1.47 (1.78) | –1.93 (1.31) | –1.73 (1.41) | –2.08 (1.24) | –2.10 (1.29) | –2.20 (1.47) |
| 19. Drove after two drinks | 16 | –2.38 (1.29) | –2.20 (1.01) | –1.05 (1.43) | –2.58 (0.90) | –2.10 (0.99) | –2.40 (0.94) |
| 20. Drove after four drinks | 2 | –2.63 (1.16) | –2.63 (0.77) | –1.95 (1.29) | –2.75 (0.87) | –2.80 (0.42) | –2.75 (0.79) |
| 21. Spent too much | 9 | –2.70 (0.70) | –2.35 (1.03) | –2.16 (1.01) | –2.50 (1.00) | –2.22 (0.83) | –2.35 (0.88) |
| 22. Missed work | 8 | –2.50 (1.01) | –2.49 (0.87) | –2.11 (0.99) | –2.75 (0.87) | –2.40 (0.97) | –2.32 (0.89) |
∗
1 = Most to 22 = Least Negative.
†
Scores ranged from –3 (Extremely Negative) to + 3 (Extremely Positive).
‡
See Appendix 1 for details.