TABLE 1.
Clinical characteristics of AUGIB patients with and without myocardial injury.
| Patients | In total | Myocardial injury | P-value | |
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| N = 989 | With N = 101 | Without N = 888 | ||
| Male, n (%) | 661 (66.8) | 60 (59.4) | 601 (67.7) | 0.094 |
| Age (years) | 54.82 ± 15.35 | 62.36 ± 13.69 | 53.96 ± 15.30 | 0.000 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 81.11 ± 14.50 | 81.23 ± 15.70 | 81.10 ± 14.37 | 0.988 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 113.59 ± 18.37 | 118.68 ± 22.83 | 113.08 ± 17.80 | 0.121 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 68.96 ± 11.84 | 68.07 ± 14.03 | 69.04 ± 11.60 | 0.666 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 289 (29.2) | 29 (28.7) | 260 (29.3) | 0.906 |
| Drinker, n (%) | 164 (16.6) | 20 (19.8) | 144 (16.2) | 0.359 |
| Blood biochemistry | ||||
| Hb (g/L) | 91.22 ± 18.34 | 87.43 ± 19.77 | 91.65 ± 18.14 | 0.101 |
| HCT (%) | 28.18 ± 5.31 | 27.14 ± 6.09 | 28.30 ± 5.21 | 0.131 |
| WBC (×109/L) | 6.56 ± 8.28 | 6.94 ± 4.52 | 6.52 ± 8.58 | 0.000 |
| Platelet (×109/L) | 127.27 ± 98.09 | 129.89 ± 107.32 | 126.97 ± 97.05 | 0.970 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 6.90 ± 5.59 | 10.13 ± 8.82 | 6.52 ± 4.95 | 0.000 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 74.29 ± 96.58 | 107.99 ± 119.97 | 70.34 ± 92.74 | 0.005 |
| ≤177 μmol/L, n (%) | 914 (92.4) | 84 (83.2) | 830 (93.5) | 0.000 |
| >177 μmol/L, n (%) | 30 (3.0) | 15 (14.9) | 15 (1.7) | 0.000 |
| BUN/creatinine | 105.90 ± 56.65 | 114.37 ± 62.68 | 104.91 ± 55.86 | 0.174 |
| cTNI (pg/mL) | 24.03 ± 47.47 | 48.96 ± 67.21 | 6.83 ± 6.86 | 0.015 |
| cTNT (μg/L) | 0.03 ± 0.08 | 0.06 ± 0.11 | 0.01 ± 0.004 | 0.000 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 5.02 ± 7.18 | 5.33 ± 5.51 | 4.98 ± 7.36 | 0.110 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 32.94 ± 5.06 | 32.48 ± 5.25 | 32.99 ± 5.04 | 0.744 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.90 ± 1.00 | 2.86 ± 1.11 | 2.90 ± 0.99 | 0.592 |
| History of medicine use | ||||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 65 (6.6) | 11 (10.9) | 54 (6.2) | 0.071 |
| Anticoagulant, n (%) | 21 (2.1) | 5 (5.0) | 16 (1.8) | 0.091 |
| Steroids, n (%) | 19 (1.0) | 4 (4.0) | 15 (1.7) | 0.242 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 145 (14.8) | 33 (32.7) | 112 (12.8) | 0.000 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 150 (15.3) | 27 (26.7) | 123 (14.0) | 0.001 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 54 (5.5) | 9 (8.9) | 45 (5.1) | 0.115 |
| CKD, n (%) | 41 (4.2) | 14 (13.9) | 27 (3.1) | 0.000 |
| Tumor, n (%) | 208 (21.3) | 26 (25.7) | 182 (20.8) | 0.246 |
| Digestive system tumor, n (%) | 187 (18.9) | 24 (23.8) | 163 (18.6) | 0.210 |
| Non-digestive system tumor, n (%) | 21 (2.1) | 2 (1.9) | 19 (2.2) | 1.000 |
| LVEF <68%, n (%) | 38 (38.4) | 12 (60.0) | 26 (32.9) | 0.026 |
| Helicobacter pylori, n (%) | 55 (5.6) | 3 (3.0) | 52 (5.9) | 0.221 |
| Cause of bleeding | ||||
| Varices, n (%) | 622 (62.9) | 58 (57.4) | 564 (63.5) | 0.230 |
| Peptic ulcer, n (%) | 277 (28.0) | 28 (27.7) | 249 (28.0) | 0.946 |
| Others, n (%) | 77 (7.8) | 12 (11.9) | 65 (7.3) | 0.105 |
| Missing, n (%) | 13 (1.3) | 3 (3.0) | 10 (1.1) | 0.280 |
| In-hospital death, n (%) | 29 (2.9) | 11 (10.9) | 18 (2.0) | 0.000 |
AUGIB, acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; Hb, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; WBC, white blood cell; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; cTNI, cardiac troponin I; cTNT, cardiac troponin T; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.