Table 2.
Multivariate results
| Structural Equation Model (N=6,241) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT frequency | Perceived stress in travel | Perceived safety in PT | |||||||||
| Measurement model factor loadings | |||||||||||
| Perceived safety at stations | 1 | ||||||||||
| Perceived safety onboard | 0,869 | 41,92 | *** | ||||||||
| Perceived accident safety | 0,46 | 59,35 | *** | ||||||||
| Independent variable regression coefficients | |||||||||||
| Female | 0,204 | 5,50 | *** | 0,121 | 2,48 | * | -0,046 | -1,44 | |||
| Age | -0,015 | -14,16 | *** | -0,025 | -17,41 | *** | 0,006 | 7,78 | *** | ||
| Oslo (ref=Stockholm) | 0,127 | 3,01 | ** | -0,525 | -9,44 | *** | 0,706 | 18,95 | *** | ||
| Bergen (ref=Stockholm) | -0,672 | -17,02 | *** | -0,531 | -12,72 | *** | 0,707 | 19,94 | *** | ||
| Pandemic year 2020 (ref=2018) a | 0,022 | 0,23 | -0,386 | -3,35 | *** | -0,041 | -1,02 | ||||
| Significant interaction effects | |||||||||||
| Pandemic*Female | -0,194 | -3,44 | *** | 0,148 | 2,00 | * | -0,118 | -2,46 | * | ||
| Pandemic*Age | -0,003 | -2,10 | * | 0,005 | 2,30 | * | omitted | b | |||
| Pandemic*Bergen | 0,183 | 3,26 | *** | omitted | b | 0,147 | 3,21 | *** | |||
| Relationships between dependent variables | |||||||||||
| Effect of PT frequency on... | -0,031 | -1,84 | 0,008 | 0,76 | |||||||
| Correlation perceived stress in travel with... | -0,377 | -20,33 | *** | ||||||||
| Constant | 4,320 | 64,20 | *** | -3,452 | -30,83 | *** | |||||
| Dependent variable R2 | .150 | .100 | .162 | ||||||||
| Overall model fit: | Chi2(df) = 1,094(20)*** Model R2 = .326 RMSEA = .049 CFI = .973 | ||||||||||
Significance: *p≤.1; **p≤.05; ***p≤.01
a We also ran a model without interaction effects. In this non-interaction model the pandemic year has a significant negative effect on PT frequency.
b Non-significant interaction effects have been omitted from the model