Table 4.
Decomposed associations of major depressive disorder with different domains of cognitive functioning in the subpopulation without type 2 diabetes
| Memory score | Information processing speed score | Executive functioning & attention score | Cognitive impairment (yes/no) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | Mean difference (95% CI) | Mean difference (95% CI) | Mean difference (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| WMH | ||||
| Direct | −0.08 (−0.23;0.07) | −0.18 (−0.30;−0.06)* | −0.12 (−0.25;0.02) | 1.19 (0.89;1.61) |
| Indirect | −0.02 (−0.03;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02;0.00) | 1.02 (1.00;1.05) |
| Total | −0.10 (−0.25;0.06) | −0.18 (−0.31;−0.06)* | −0.13 (−0.26;0.01) | 1.22 (0.91;1.64) |
| DWMH | ||||
| Direct | −0.08(−0.24;0.07) | −0.18 (−0.30;−0.06)* | −0.12 (−0.26;0.01) | 1.20 (0.89;1.61) |
| Indirect | −0.01(−0.03;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.01;0.00) | 1.02 (1.00;1.05) |
| Total | −0.10(−0.25;0.06) | −0.18 (−0.31;−0.06)* | −0.13 (−0.26;0.01) | 1.22 (0.91;1.64) |
| PWMH | ||||
| Direct | −0.08 (−0.23;0.07) | −0.18 (−0.30;−0.06)* | −0.12 (−0.25;0.02) | 1.20 (0.89;1.62) |
| Indirect | −0.02 (−0.03;−0.00)* | −0.01 (−0.01;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02;0.00) | 1.02 (1.00;1.04) |
| Total | −0.10 (−0.25;0.06) | −0.18 (−0.31;−0.06)* | −0.13 (−0.26;0.01) | 1.22 (0.91;1.64) |
| CSVD | ||||
| Direct | −0.07 (−0.25;0.10) | −0.19 (−0.31;−0.07)* | −0.14 (−0.28;−0.00)* | 1.21 (0.91;1.62) |
| Indirect | −0.01 (−0.03;0.00) | −0.01 (−0.02;0.00) | −0.00 (−0.01;0.01) | 1.03 (0.99;1.06) |
| Total | −0.08 (−0.26;0.09) | −0.20 (−0.32;−0.08)* | −0.15 (−0.28;−0.01)* | 1.25 (0.93;1.67) |
Regression results are decomposed in direct, indirect and total effects and presented as mean difference or odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). CI indicates confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; MDD, major depressive; WMH, white matter hyperintensities; DWMH, deep cortical white matter hyperintensities; PWMH, periventricular white matter hyperintensities; CSVD, cerebral small vessel disease. Model 2 is adjusted for adjusted for intracranial volume (except CSVD composite score), MRI lag time, age, sex, educational level. n = 3821, MDD cases n = 102. *p < 0.05 (two-sided).