Figure 3.

Methods to reverse CAR T therapy resistance. (A) T-cells armored with multi-specific CARs can broadly target heterogeneous tumor cells. (B) CAR T-cells with chemokine receptor are able to efficiently infiltrate solid tumors. (C) Inducible CARs enable T-cells precisely kill tumors cell with low exhaustion and off-tumor cytotoxicity. (D) Regional delivery directly transfers the CAR T-cells into solid tumors. (E) CARs targeting tumor niche can be an alternative anti-cancer choice through destroying of microenvironment. (F) Hypoxia inducible CARs have low off-target effect due to the regional activation. (G) Combined therapies including oncolytic virus, tumor vaccines, chemical drugs, ICB and epigenetic modifiers enhanced CAR T-cell treatment efficacy.