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. 2022 Dec 6;7(50):45882–45909. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05852

Table 5. PDT-Based Nanocomposite Systems Used for Cancer Therapy.

nanocomposites (NCs) PS laser parameters size (nm) zeta potential (mV) cancer cell line application ref
porphyzomes (porphyrin lipid nanovesicles) Photofrin PTT (135 J/cm2 at 100 mW/cm2) PDT (671 nm)     A549 lung cancer (PDT, PTT) (252)
NAB NPs aza-boron-dipyrromethene (aza-BODIPY), dimethylaminophenyl units aza-boron-dipyrromethene PDD (20 mW/cm2) PTT (20 mW/cm2) 30 nm   HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer, (PDT, PTT) (253)
PDA NPs PDA-C6 NPs (polydopamine NPs) Chlorin e6 (Ce6) PDT-665 nm, Ce6 at (250 mW/cm2) PTT- input energy of 28.3 J 141.3 ± 4.3 142.4 ± 4.1 –48.7 ± 1.3–45.45 ± 1.4 T24 cells bladder cancer (PDT, PTT) (49)
Pt-ICG@PDA Pt- platinum PDA-polydopamine folate labeled liposomes indocyanine green (ICG) 808 nm 100 nm   MCF-7 cells breast cancer (PDT, PTT) (254)
ZnPc 1,8,15,22-tera-(3-(6-hydroxyl) hexyloxy) phthalocyanine zinc(II) pthalocyanin zinc II 650 nm (0.7 W/cm2) 70 nm   HeLa cells L929 U14 Henrietta’s cancer, (PDT, PTT) (255)
Bi/MnPcE4 i-bismuth phthalocyanine manganese 808 nm (1.0 W/cm2) 120 nm   HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer, (PDT, PTT) (256)
DPP NPs DPP+ NPs DPP2+NPs diketopyrrolopyrrole-based photosensitizer DPP 635 nm (0.3 W/cm2) 200   HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer, breast cancer (PDT, PTT) (257)
240   MCF-7 cells
260 35.5 L929 cells
DPP-TPA NPs DPP-diketopyrrolopyrrole TPA -triphenylamine DPP-diketopyrrolopyrrole 660 nm (1.0 W/cm2) ∼76 nm   HeLa cells in vivo HCT-116 cells Henrietta’s cancer, (PDT, PTT) (258)
PLL-ICG/DPEG NPs PLL- polylysine ICG- indocyanine green DPEG-polyethylene glycol ICG-indocyanine green 808 nm (1.5 W/cm2) 262 nm –12 HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer, (PDT, PTT) (259)
CAM NPs chlorin Ce6, axitinib, dextro-1-methyl tryptophan, human serum albumin chlorin e6   170 nm ∼10.5 B16F10 melanoma cells photodynamic immunotherapy (260)
phthalocyanines, anti-PD-L1 antibody phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) λ > 610 nm     B16–F10 skin cancer (PD-IMT) (261)
mesoporous-silica-coated β-NaYF4: 20%Yb, 2%Er upconversion NPs (UCMSs) merocyanine 540 980 nm 100   CT26 cells photodynamic immunotherapy (colon cancer) (262)
Ce6/MLT@SAB boehmite nanorod Ce6-Chlorin e6MLT- melittin B-aluminum hydride Ce6-Chlorin e6 660 nm (0.1 W/cm2) 184.2 ± 5.4 –17.6 ± 1.5 mV 4T1 cells breast cancer (PD-IMT) (263)
P 127, (NIR-II) window type-I photosensitizers PTS NIRII laser 1064 nm 45.5 ± 16.8 –8.45, −14.70, −13.27 4T1 breast cancer (PDT, PTT) (264)
PTSe 38.3 ± 10.6
PTTe 91.5 ± 13.2
NLG919/IR780 micelles NLG919- indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor IR780 808 nm (1.0 mW/cm2) 43 ± 3.2   MCF-7 cells breast cancer (PD-IMT) (265)
verteporfin and doxorubicin(DOX) conjugated cathepsin B-cleavable peptide linker of FRRG (Phe-Arg-ArgGly) (VPF-FRRG-DOX) verteporfin 671 nm, 40 mW 87.12 ± 3.95 nm   CT26 and H9C2 colon cancer (PDT-IMT) (266)
pH-responsive DEX-HAase NPs DEX-dextran, HAaase-hyaluronidase Chlorin e6 660 nm (5 mW/cm2) ≈97 nm   4T1 breast cancer (PD-IMT) (267)
PEGylated HMCP NCs HMCP-hollow structured manganese carbonate (MnCO3) nanocubes Chlorin e6 660 nm (0.1 W/cm2) 193.0 ± 27.6 nm   HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer (PDT–CDT) (268)
lactate oxidase (LOx) and catalase (CAT) integrated Fe3O4 nanoparticle/indocyanine green (ICG) coloaded hybrid nanogels indocyanine green (ICG) 808 nm (0.25 W) 72.91 –22.90 not defined PDT–CDT (269)
cancer cell memebrane coated copper/manganese silicate nanospheres (mCMSNs) a copper silicate existing in the CMSNs acted as efficient photosensitizer 635 nm (0.6 W/cm2) ∼25 nm ∼10 mV MCF-7 NHDF breast cancer (PDT–CDT) (270)
copper/manganese silicate nanosphere (CMSN)- coated lanthanide-doped NPs (LDNPs) (LDNPs@CMSNs) upon NIR light excitation, the CMSNs act as photosensitizers 980 nm (0.5 W/cm2) 45 nm   HeLa cells Henrietta’s cancer (PDT–CDT) (271)
tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive Fe(III)–porphyrin (TCPP) coordination NPs (FT@HA NPs) Fe(III)–porphyrin 635 (100 mW/cm2) 160 ± 33 nm in length 90 ± 12 nm in width –14.56 mV 4T1 cells and NIH-3T3 cells breast cancer (PDT–CDT) (272)
BSO-FeS2 NPs BSO- L-buthionine-sulfoximine   808 nm 7.27 ± 1.43 nm   4T1 cell line breast cancer (PDT–CDT) (273)