TABLE 3.

Fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) delivery methods with advantages and disadvantages.

Delivery methods	Advantages	Disadvantages
Nasal tube	Delivery without sedation Low costs Useful if patient unable to swallow	Risk of vomiting and aspiration Lowest efficacy
Endoscopy	– It can be performed safely in patients at risk of post-colonoscopy complications	– Discomfort associated with administration Risk of vomiting and aspiration Risk associated with the procedure Requires sedation
Capsules	Non-invasive process Time efficiency Convenient administration High cure rates Can be repeated easily	Risk of vomiting and aspiration Capsules can be large with higher mass
Colonoscopy	Most effective method Can deliver fecal sample to the right colon Most preferred invasive method Can screen for other etiologies simultaneously	Risks for intestinal perforation and bleeding Needs sedation Need for a board-certified gastroenterologist More costly Important to stop anti-coagulants Contraindications Requires bowel preparation
Sigmoidoscopy	No sedation required Can screen for distal 1/3rd colonic pathologies simultaneously	Risk for intestinal perforation and bleeding Inability to use the area on the right side of the colon Need for a board-certified gastroenterologist Important to stop anti-coagulants Bowel preparation recommended
Retention enema	Low costs High tolerability Without sedation Easily repeated Can be done in pediatric patients that cannot have a colonoscopy	– Retention difficulties in some cases Inability to use the area on the right side of the colon