Table 2.
Participant characteristics per levels of the ecological model
| Variables | Median (IQR)/n (%) N = 8786 |
|---|---|
| Micro level variables | |
| Age (in years) | 81.0 (7) |
| Gender (Female) | 4552 (51.8) |
| Education | |
| Tertiary | 2159 (24.6) |
| Secondary | 4854 (55.2) |
| Primary/No education | 1376 (15.6) |
| Other | 397 (4.5) |
| Income (in CHF) | 4500 (1628) |
| Living situation | |
| Living alone | 3161 (36.0) |
| Living with others | 5625 (64.0) |
| Reported vision problems | 783 (8.9) |
| Reported hearing problems | 1570 (17.9) |
| Reported memory problems | 1713 (19.4) |
| Reported unintentional weight loss in past 6 months | 379 (4.3) |
| Reported polypharmacy | 4184 (47.6) |
| Reported feeling empty / sometimes feeling empty | 2079 (23.6) |
| Reported to miss company / sometimes miss company | 3134 (35.7) |
| Reported feeling abandoned / sometimes feeling abandoned | 936 (10.6) |
| Physical activity | |
| As per recommendations of WHO | 6895 (78.4) |
| Below the recommendations of WHO | 1891 (21.5) |
| Alcohol intake | |
| ≤ 2 drinks/day | 8187 (93.1) |
| > 2 drinks/day | 599 (6.9) |
| Reported to be currently smoking | 611 (6.9) |
| Meso level variables | |
| Receive support from individuals | 3204 (36.4) |
| Receive support from organizations | 2688 (30.6) |
| Availability of social support | |
| High to very high | 1727 (19.7) |
| Low to moderate | 7059 (80.3) |
| Social activities | |
| Active in more than one activity | 4382 (49.9) |
| Active in one activity | 3145 (35.8) |
| Not currently active / wish to be | 1259 (14.3) |
| Macro level variables | |
| Insurance type | |
| Statutory insurance | 4755 (54.1) |
| Statutory + supplementary private insurance | 4031 (45.9) |
| Receive supplementary government support | 417 (4.8) |