Table 2.
Association between TMAO levels and all endpoints
| Endpoint | Group | Event (n, %) | Crude HR (95% CI) | P‐value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) a | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MACE | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 31 (9.5) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||
| Tertile 2 | 34 (10.3) | 1.11 (0.68–1.81) | 0.673 | 0.96 (0.59–1.58) | 0.874 | |
| Tertile 3 | 73 (22.3) | 2.57 (1.69–3.92) | <0.001 | 1.85 (1.18–2.89) | 0.007 | |
| Trend test | 138 (14.0) | 1.69 (1.36–2.10) | <0.001 | 1.42 (1.12–1.79) | 0.003 | |
| All‐cause death | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 14 (4.3) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||
| Tertile 2 | 20 (6.1) | 1.48 (0.75–2.92) | 0.264 | 1.14 (0.57–2.31) | 0.709 | |
| Tertile 3 | 38 (11.6) | 2.92 (1.58–5.40) | 0.001 | 1.63 (0.84–3.18) | 0.151 | |
| Trend test | 72 (7.3) | 1.75 (1.29–2.37) | <0.001 | 1.30 (0.93–1.80) | 0.125 | |
| reMI | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 13 (4.0) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||
| Tertile 2 | 13 (4.0) | 1.01 (0.47–2.18) | 0.975 | 0.92 (0.42–1.99) | 0.831 | |
| Tertile 3 | 30 (9.1) | 2.48 (1.29–4.76) | 0.006 | 2.19 (1.13–4.26) | 0.020 | |
| Trend test | 56 (5.7) | 1.67 (1.19–2.35) | 0.003 | 1.58 (1.11–2.23) | 0.011 | |
| reHF | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 5 (1.5) | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||
| Tertile 2 | 4 (1.2) | 0.82 (0.22–3.04) | 0.762 | 0.69 (0.18–2.61) | 0.584 | |
| Tertile 3 | 9 (2.7) | 1.92 (0.64–5.73) | 0.242 | 1.28 (0.40–4.05) | 0.679 | |
| Trend test | 18 (1.8) | 1.45 (0.81–2.60) | 0.210 | 1.17 (0.64–2.16) | 0.607 | |
HR, hazard ratio; MACE, major adverse cardiac event; reMI, recurrent myocardial infarction; reHF, rehospitalization due to heart failure; TMAO, trimethylamine‐N‐oxide.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, current smoking, HF‐type, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, peripheral artery disease, and history of stroke and MI.