Figure 3.

Overview of the biotransformation process of resveratrol in the human body. After oral administration, the parent molecule undergoes sulfation by SULT1A1 in the intestine and liver (RSV-SUL). Similarly, the enzymes UGT1A1 and UGTA9, expressed at intestinal and hepatic level, catalyze the formation of glucuronidated metabolites (RSV-GLU). Piceid, piceatannol, 3,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene, dihydroresveratrol (DHR) and 3,4′-dihydroxybibenzyl (lunularin) (L) are obtained after the gut microbiome action on the ingested compound. Finally, the compounds are absorbed into the bloodstream and are subsequently eliminated from the body through urine or feces.