Table 4.
Effects of Moringa oleifera meal on bone quality of slow-growing layer-type male chickens reared with outdoor access in a tropical atmosphere.
| Traits | T1 (Mean ± SEM) |
T2 (Mean ± SEM) |
T3 (Mean ± SEM) |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Femoral Weight (g) | 17.51 ± 0.26 | 16.93 ± 0.26 | 17.44 ± 0.27 | 0.249 |
| Femoral Length (cm) | 10.60 a ± 0.06 | 10.37 b ± 0.06 | 10.63 a ± 0.06 | 0.008 |
| Femoal Seedor Index (g/cm) | 1.64 ± 0.02 | 1.63 ± 0.08 | 1.65 ± 0.02 | 0.813 |
| Femoral Robusticity Index (cm/g) | 4.09 ± 0.02 | 4.05 ± 0.02 | 4.10 ± 0.02 | 0.163 |
| Femoral Diameter (cm) | 1.03 ± 0.01 | 1.03 ± 0.01 | 1.05 ± 00.01 | 0.495 |
| Femoral Relative Density | 0.74 ± 0.01 | 0.72 ± 0.01 | 0.74 ± 0.01 | 0.225 |
| Tibial Weight (g) | 24.85 ± 0.34 | 24.18 ± 0.34 | 25.01 ± 0.35 | 0.194 |
| Tibial Length (cm) | 15.40 a ± 0.10 | 14.98 b ± 0.10 | 15.37 a ± 0.11 | 0.009 |
| Tibial Seedor Index (g/cm) | 1.61 ± 0.02 | 1.61 ± 0.02 | 1.63 ± 0.02 | 0.814 |
| Tibial Robusticity Index (cm/g) | 5.28 ± 0.03 | 5.19 ± 0.03 | 5.19 ± 0.03 | 0.055 |
| Tibial Diameter (cm) | 0.96 b ± 0.01 | 1.01 a ± 0.01 | 1.01 a ± 0.01 | 0.021 |
| Tibial Relative Density | 1.06 ± 0.02 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | 1.07 ± 0.02 | 0.145 |
| Leg Bones 1 Dry Matter 2 (%) | 64.80 ± 0.94 | 66.84 ± 1.62 | 64.98 ± 1.07 | 0.451 |
| Leg Bones Ash 3 (%) | 35.01 b ± 0.44 | 35.68 ab ± 0.52 | 37.02 a ± 0.53 | 0.024 |
| Leg Bones Calcium 4 (%) | 6.03 ± 0.11 | 6.04 ± 0.19 | 6.48 ± 0.13 | 0.080 |
| Leg Bones Phosphorus 5 (%) | 6.64 b ± 0.15 | 6.91 ab ± 0.10 | 7.41 a ± 0.30 | 0.046 |
a,b Means that do not share similar letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05). 1 Leg Bones: Femur + Tibia; 2 Dry Matter: 12 samples per treatment; 3 Ash content: 12 samples per treatment; 4 Calcium content: 6 samples per treatment; 5 Phosphorus content: 6 samples per treatment. T1: 0% MOM; T2: 3% MOM; T3: 6% MOM.